Short-term response of songbirds to experimental thinning of young Douglas-fir forests in the Oregon Cascades

Hagar, Joan C.; Howlin, Shay; Ganio, Lisa M.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.054

Cited by 62 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…While results vary considerably between ecosystem types, most findings suggest that reducing overstory biomass though selective harvest rapidly increases the complexity of plant communities by encouraging understory growth within the first several years (Covington et al, 1997). Furthermore, changes in habitat structure and species composition, especially when debris is left on site, often leads to increased abundance and diversity of breeding bird and small mammal communities (Converse et al, 2006;Hagar et al, 2004) and may increase arthropod diversity or species composition (Apigian et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stand density on ecosystem properties of subalpine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA

Hall¹,

Marchand²

2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• Mixed coniferous, subalpine forest communities in the Rocky Mountains are historically dense and have experienced infrequent, high-severity fire. However, many of these high-elevation stands are thinned for a number of perceived benefits.• We explored the effects of forest stand density on ecosystem properties in subalpine forests in Colorado, USA, 17-18 y after forests were managed for timber.• Forest structure significantly altered the composition and chemical signature of plant communities. Previously managed stands contained lower density of overstory trees and higher ground cover compared to paired reference stands. Foliar phenolic concentration of several species was negatively related to basal area of overstory trees. Furthermore, reductions in stand density increased total foliar phenolic:nitrogen ratios in some species, suggesting that gap formation may drive long-term changes in litter quality. Despite significant changes in forest structure, reductions in stand density did not leave a strong legacy in surface soil properties, likely due to the integrity of soil organic matter reserves.• Changes in forest structure associated with past management has left a long-term impact on plant communities but has only subtly altered soil nutrient cycling, possibly due to trade offs between litter decomposability and microclimate associated with reductions in canopy cover. Mots-clés :chimie foliaire / composés phénoliques / cycle de l'azote du sol / densité du peuplement / biogéochimie Résumé -Effets de la densité du peuplement sur les propriétés des écosystèmes des forêts subalpines dans le sud des Montagnes Rocheuses aux USA.• Les communautés subalpines de forêts mixtes de conifères dans les Montagnes Rocheuses sont historiquement denses et ont peu connu de feux très sévères. Cependant, beaucoup de ces peuplements de haute altitude sont éclaircis pour de nombreux profits.• Nous avons étudié les effets de la densité des peuplements forestiers sur les propriétés des éco-systèmes dans les forêts subalpines du Colorado (USA), 17-18 ans après que les forêts aient été exploitées pour le bois.• La structure de la forêt a considérablement modifié la composition et la signature chimique des communautés végétales. Auparavant les peuplements exploités renfermaient une plus faible densité d'arbres de l'étage dominant et une couverture du sol plus importante par rapport aux peuplements de référence correspondants. La concentration des composés phénoliques foliaires de plusieurs espèces a été liée négativement à la surface terrière des arbres dominants. En outre, les réductions de la densité du peuplement ont augmenté les rapports composés phénoliques foliaires totaux : azote chez certaines espèces, ce qui suggère que la formation de trouée peut conduire à des changements à long terme de la qualité de la litière. Malgré d'importants changements dans la structure forestière, la réduction de la densité du peuplement n'a pas laissé un héritage solide dans les propriétés de surface du sol, probablement à cause de l'inté...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stand density on ecosystem properties of subalpine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA

Hall¹,

Marchand²

2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…Thinning treatments in the mixed coniferous forests of the northern Sierra Nevada resulted in significantly greater numbers of ground-nesting birds, including the Dark-eyed Junco [32]. Similar increases in junco population density were noted in Douglas-fir forests of the Oregon Cascades [16]. Juncos also experienced increased nest survival following harvesting treatments that resulted in an increase in downed woody material in the central Appalachians of West Virginia [33].…”

Section: Ground Nestersmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…While previous studies have separately examined the effects of fire [13][14][15] and mechanical thinning [16,17] treatments on the avian community, most of this research has relied on the occurrence or abundance of a species to infer positive or negative effects. These studies have provided valuable information on how avian populations respond to such treatments, but the results may be deceptive if measures of occurrence or abundance are not reliable indicators of habitat quality [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effects of Fire and Fire-Surrogate Treatments on Avian Nest Survival: A National-Scale Analysis

Farris¹,

Converse²,

Zack³

et al. 2010

TOENVIRSJ

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Abstract:We examined the initial response of avian nest success to mechanical thinning, prescribed fire, and thinning/ prescribed fire combination treatments, designed to reduce fuel loads, at study sites throughout the continental USA as part of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) Project. We modeled the daily nest survival of ground-, shrub-, tree-, and snag-nesting bird species to test for effects of: (1) overall treatment (2) specific treatment category (i.e., burn, thin, thin/burn); (3) time since treatment; and (4) study site. Of the 7 species examined, only 2 had top models that included effects of the FFS treatments, the remainder had either constant survival rates, or rates that varied only by study site. The Eastern Towhee had top models that included effects of treatment and study site, while the Red-bellied Woodpecker had top models that included effects of treatment category, time since treatment, and study site. All estimates of treatment, treatment category, and study site were statistically weak with confidence intervals including zero. The lack of clear response patterns observed in this study is likely a consequence of the variability inherent across forest types and taxonomic groups we examined. Forest managers should use our results cautiously and also be encouraged to facilitate opportunities for studies of avian nest survival as a function of fire-surrogate treatments that are regional specific, encompass longer time frames and larger spatial scales.

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“…In this new context, full stocking or maximum growth of regenerating trees of a crop species may neither be necessary or even desirable. When emphasizing wildlife habitat, unequal or low stocking areas may be attractive as open space or travel routes (Hagar et al 2004) and/or to ensure diversity of microclimate conditions and allow shrub and herbaceous vegetation to dominate (K.J. Puettmann, submitted for publication) and flower (Wender et al 2004).…”

Section: Altered or New Information Needs And Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in North American and European regeneration research under the ecosystem management paradigm

Puettmann

Ammer

2005

Eur J Forest Res

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Forest management on many ownerships in North America and Europe has shifted toward the ecosystem management paradigm. The associated shift toward multiple management objectives and focus on natural development patterns should also be reflected in regeneration research efforts. As new information needs arise, research questions and approaches should be evaluated whether they are still appropriate. Specifically, spatial and temporal scales of research studies need to be expanded to accommodate complex sets of management objectives and constraints, rather than being focused on optimal tree regeneration. At the same time, silviculturists are asked to utilize natural trends as a guide for management, but most natural disturbance studies have focused on stand structures and not the regeneration processes. Criteria commonly used to describe disturbance regimes need to be modified to better guide regeneration research efforts under the ecosystem management paradigm.

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Short-term response of songbirds to experimental thinning of young Douglas-fir forests in the Oregon Cascades

Cited by 62 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of stand density on ecosystem properties of subalpine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA

Effects of stand density on ecosystem properties of subalpine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA

Short-Term Effects of Fire and Fire-Surrogate Treatments on Avian Nest Survival: A National-Scale Analysis

Trends in North American and European regeneration research under the ecosystem management paradigm

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