Short-term root flooding and recovery conditions—affected photosynthetic process of common bean plants

Abstract

Photosynthetic process of common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was evaluated from short-term root flooding and recovery conditions. Common bean plants (BRS Expedito genotype) were grown in single plastic pots (1 L), containing soil as substrate. At the early reproductive stage (R1), distilled water was added up to 20 mm above the soil surface to flood the root system of plants for 1 day. The flooding was maintained by fitting a second pot without holes. After 1 day of flooding, the pots without holes were removed to drain water and recover the plants. Control plants were kept under normoxia. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, gas exchange, glycolate oxidase, antioxidative enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation were measured in leaves upon flooding (1 day) and recovery (1, 3 and 7 days) conditions. Root flooding (1 day) induced decrease (two-fold) in CO 2 assimilation rate and did not recover even after 7 days of normoxic conditions was re-established, besides limited transpiration rate and decreases in stomatal conductance. Moreover, the continuous light energy absorption by chlorophylls induced an increase in fluorescence and heat and impaired the connectivity between photosystems I and II, leading to ROS formation. The antioxidative enzyme system induced upon flooding and recovery conditions did not deal efficiently with ROS, which led to oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) in leaves of common bean. Therefore, short-term root flooding impairs photosynthetic process recovery of common bean plants upon re-establishment of normoxic conditions. Keywords Antioxidative enzymes Á Oxidative damage Á Phaseolus vulgaris L. Á Photosynthesis Á Waterlogging 1 Introduction Climate changes are increasing flooding events since the 1950 0 s worldwide (Bailey-Serres et al. 2012; Limami et al. 2014; Pedersen et al. 2017), especially in the 28 million hectares of flood-prone located in Cerrado and lowlands in the South of Brazil (Jackson and Colmer 2005), due to increases in heavy rainfall (IPCC 2014). Currently, the lowland areas are mainly occupied with rice cropping system (Garcia et al. 2020), and food production by small farmers, such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Common bean

Calcium particle films promote a photoprotection on sweet potato crops and increase its productivity

“…The fast kinetics of fluorescence emission, from the initial (F0) to the maximum (Fm), was measured by the following OJIP steps: O % F0 (50 ls), K (300 ls), J (2 ms), I (30 ms), and P % Fm (maximum intensity of fluorescence), also obtained the time of maximum fluorescence emission t(Fm) and area above the curve OJIP (A). Other biophysical parameters, such as Sm, VJ, VI, RE0/TR0, ET0/ABS, RE0/ABS, DI0/ABS, ET0/RC, ABS/CS0; TR0/CS0, ET0/CS0, Piabs, DI0/CSm, RE0/CSm, ET0/CSm, TR0/CSm, ABS/CSm, Sm/t (Fm) were calculated from the OJIP curve using equations for this test (Strasser et al 2010;Chen et al 2016;Stirbet et al 2018;Posso et al 2020). These parameters provided details regarding the stress conditions of sweet potato plants.…”

Recovery period of long-term waterlogging exacerbates damage to photochemical phase of photosynthesis in bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

“…Common bean is considered one of the most important sources of protein and nutrients for more than 300 million people in parts of Eastern Africa and Latin America (Karavidas et al 2022). However, the yield bean crop is affected by water stress including both drought and waterlogging due to its sensitivity (Posso et al 2020; Uebersax et al 2022). In some tropic's regions, climatic phenomena have intensi ed due to climate change and an increase in rainfall is expected (Horchani et al 2010;Posso et al 2020).…”

“…However, the yield bean crop is affected by water stress including both drought and waterlogging due to its sensitivity (Posso et al 2020; Uebersax et al 2022). In some tropic's regions, climatic phenomena have intensi ed due to climate change and an increase in rainfall is expected (Horchani et al 2010;Posso et al 2020). The increase in the frequency and intensity of rainfall causes yield beans crops due to temporary waterlogging and oxygen de ciency (Sairam et al 2009; Duran and Pinto 2011).…”

“…Waterlogging is an important abiotic stress that affects crop growth and production worldwide (Liu et al 2020; Pandey et al 2021). Waterlogging affects crops by inhibiting gaseous exchange between the roots and the atmosphere (Striker 2012;Striker and Colmer 2017) inducing physiological changes such as reduction in stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content (Velasco et al 2019;Posso et al 2020). In pigeon plants (Cajanus cajan L.) an increase in cell membrane damage has been reported when plants are subjected to waterlogging (Sairam et al 2009).…”

“…It has also been observed that some plants have acclimation responses to waterlogging, such as the formation of adventitious roots that provide them with water, nutrients, and anchoring (Qi et al 2020; Nuruzzaman Manik et al 2022), as well as the formation of aerenchyma as a strategy for supplying O 2 from the shoots to the roots and to ventilate gasses such as CO 2 and methane in conditions of oxygen de ciency in the soil (Evans 2004; Kehoe et al 2022;Geng et al 2023). It has been reported that the effects of waterlogging on plants can be observed even long after the stress has ceased (Pociecha 2013;Posso et al 2020). In bean plants, declines in chlorophyll a and b persist after the end of the waterlogging period (Pociecha et al 2008).…”