Short-Term Toxicity of Lindane, Hexachlorobenzene, and Copper Sulfate to Tubificid Sludgeworms (Oligochaeta) in Artificial Media

Toxic Effects and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium in the Aquatic Oligochaete Tubifex tubifex

“…Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, and Cu also induced fragmentation in Lumbriculus variegatus (Bailey and Liu, 1980). Like Meller et al (1998), the present authors suggest that autotomy could constitute a valid endpoint of sublethal toxicity, since this phenomenon is easily monitored and time and concentration dependent, as revealed in the present study.…”

Toxicity of 4-Nonylphenol to Tubifex tubifex and Chironomus riparius in 28-Day Whole-Sediment Tests

“…Indications of these toxic e!ects were also obtained by the reduced burrowing activity of worms, already observed by Meller et al (1998) in a 72-h test with increasing concentrations of copper, lindane, and hexachlorobenzene. As pointed out by Keilty et al (1988) and then by Meller et al, (1998), the decreased burrowing activity was accompanied by a reduction of worm biomass which was not quantitatively determined in the present research.…”

“…Indications of these toxic e!ects were also obtained by the reduced burrowing activity of worms, already observed by Meller et al (1998) in a 72-h test with increasing concentrations of copper, lindane, and hexachlorobenzene. As pointed out by Keilty et al (1988) and then by Meller et al, (1998), the decreased burrowing activity was accompanied by a reduction of worm biomass which was not quantitatively determined in the present research. No autotomy of the caudal region was observed as a detoxi-"cation process; this mechanism, observed in several oligochaetes (Roberts and Dorough, 1984;RoK mbke and Knacker, 1989;Meller et al, 1998;Lucan-Bouche`et al, 1999), may protect the animals against the increase of internal concentrations of toxic substances (metals in particular).…”

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“…Other authors also mention fragmentation of Tubifex tubifex or Lumbriculus variegates as the effect of exposure to various heavy metals (Brkovic-Popovic and Popovic, 1977;Bailey and Liu, 1980;Khangarot, 1991;Lucan-Buche et al, 1999). Meller et al (1998) and Bouche et al (2000) suggest that autotomy could constitute a valid endpoint of sublethal toxicity, since this phenomenon is easily monitored and is time and concentration dependent.…”