Short time step analysis of vertical ground-coupled heat exchangers: The approach of CaRM

Zarrella, Angelo; Scarpa, Massimiliano; Carli, Michele De

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.01.032

Cited by 109 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Nowadays it represents the most used smart method for sizing GSHEs field.  The detailed model (named CaRM, Capacity-Resistance Method) has been introduced by De Carli et al [3] and then has been further developed by Zarrella and De Carli to make it more general, flexible and more close to the thermal behaviour of the real sys-tem by the use of dynamic calculation, as will be shown afterwards [11], [12].…”

Section: The Design Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two software tools for facilitating the choice of ground source heat pumps by stakeholders and designers

et al. 2019

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For promoting the diffusion of GSHP and making the technology more accessible to the general public, in the H2020 research project “CHeap and Efficient APplication of reliable Ground Source Heat exchangers and PumpS” (acronym Cheap-GSHPs) a tool for sizing these systems has been developed, as well as a Decision Support System (DSS) able to assist the user in the preliminary design of the most suitable configuration. For all these tools a common platform has been carried out considering climatic conditions, energy demand of buildings, ground thermal properties, heat pump solutions repository, as well as renewable energy database to use in synergy with the GSHPs. Since the aims of the tools are different, there are different approaches. The design tool is mainly addressed to designers. The calculation may be done in two ways: with a simplified method based on the ASHRAE approach and with a detailed calculation based on the numerical tool CaRM (Capacity-Resistance method). The DSS final aim is to support decision-making, by providing the stakeholders at all the level with a series of scenario. The Cheap-GSHPs project has developed a DSS tool aimed at accelerating the decision-making process of designers and building owners as well as increasing market share of the Cheap-GSHPs technologies. Hence the DSS generates different possible solutions based on a defined general problem, identifying the optimal solution. Both tools are presented in the paper, showing the potentialities provided by both software.

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Section: The Design Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two software tools for facilitating the choice of ground source heat pumps by stakeholders and designers

et al. 2019

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“…In this equation, the spectral representation of the time derivative has been replaced by 10) and the spatial derivative is replaced by…”

Section: Spectral Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this kind of models, heat flow in a geothermal heat pump is described by an assembly of interconnected resistances and capacitors. De Carli et al [9] and Zarrella et al [10] proposed what is known as the Capacity Resistance Model (CaRM) for the calculation of transient temperature distributions in borehole heat exchangers, including those for the grout and the circulating fluid. In this model, the geometry is discretized by nodes representing slices in the vertical and radial directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spectral model for transient heat flow in a double U-tube geothermal heat pump system

Al‐Khoury

Focaccia²

2016

Renewable Energy

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a b s t r a c tThis paper introduces a semi-analytical model based on the spectral analysis method for the simulation of transient conductive-convective heat flow in an axisymmetric shallow geothermal system consisting of a double U-tube borehole heat exchanger embedded in a soil mass. The proposed model combines the exactness of the analytical methods with an important extent of generality in describing the geometry and boundary conditions of the numerical methods. It calculates the temperature distribution in all involved borehole heat exchanger components and the surrounding soil mass using the fast Fourier transform, for the time domain; and the complex Fourier and Fourier-Bessel series, for the spatial domain. Numerical examples illustrating the model capability to reconstruct thermal response test data together with parametric analysis are given. The CPU time for calculating temperature distributions in all involved components, pipe-in, pipe-out, grout, and soil, using 16,384 FFT samples, for the time domain, and 100 Fourier-Bessel series samples, for the spatial domain, was in the order of 3 s in a normal PC. The model can be utilized for forward calculations of heat flow in a double U-tube geothermal heat pump system, and can be included in inverse calculations for parameter identification of shallow geothermal systems.

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“…And the model is validated by HEAT2, a detailed two dimensions finite differences calculation method. Zarrella et al [22] improved the model CaRM by taking into account the thermal capacitance of the filling material and the heat carrier fluid for short time step analysis. This time the model is validated by the COMSOL and ground response test for double U-tube ground heat exchanger.…”

Section: Underground Heat Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Borehole Seasonal Solar Thermal Energy Storage

2015

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Because of the intermittence and unreliability of solar radiation, a seasonal thermal energy storage system is needed to maximize the potential utilization of solar energy. Borehole seasonal solar thermal energy storage is one of the most common energy storage methods and some applications have been conducted. This paper reviews the studies on borehole seasonal solar thermal energy storage. Analytical and numerical models of underground regenerator and system simulations are summarized here. Large application projects used for center solar heating in European counties and some small scale experimental studies are included. Problems and barriers of the development of borehole heat storage in China are also given.

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Short time step analysis of vertical ground-coupled heat exchangers: The approach of CaRM

Cited by 109 publications

References 7 publications

Two software tools for facilitating the choice of ground source heat pumps by stakeholders and designers

Two software tools for facilitating the choice of ground source heat pumps by stakeholders and designers

A spectral model for transient heat flow in a double U-tube geothermal heat pump system

A Review on Borehole Seasonal Solar Thermal Energy Storage

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