Shotgun lipidomics and mass spectrometry imaging unveil diversity and dynamics in Gammarus fossarum lipid composition

Abstract

Summary Sentinel species are playing an indispensable role in monitoring environmental pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Many pollutants found in water prove to be endocrine disrupting chemicals that could cause disruptions in lipid homeostasis in aquatic species. A comprehensive profiling of the lipidome of these species is thus an essential step toward understanding the mechanism of toxicity induced by pollutants. Both the composition and spatial distribution of lipids in freshwater crustacean Gammarus fossarum were extensively examined herein. The baseline lipidome of gammarids of different sex and reproductive stages was established by high throughput shotgun lipidomics. Spatial lipid mapping by high resolution mass spectrometry imaging led to the discovery of sulfate-based lipids in hepatopancreas and their accumulation in mature oocytes. A diverse and dynamic lipid composition in G. fossarum was uncovered, which deepens our understanding of the biochemical changes during development and which could serve as a reference for future ecotoxicological studies.

Lipid Changes in the Peri-Implantation Period with Mass Spectrometry Imaging: A Systematic Review

“…MSI sections of banana shrimp ( Penaeus merguiensis ) [ 86 ], mosquito ( Aedes aegypti ) [ 87 ], porcine [ 88 ], and bovine [ 67 ] ovaries showed different accumulations of lipids in the different compartments, suggesting metabolic differences between cell types which may be due to their different functions in oocyte maturation (energy production and/or storage, membrane synthesis or signaling). The lipid distribution of oocytes was also investigated by MSI in African clawed frog ( Xenopus laevis ) [ 89 ], crustaceans ( Gammarus fossarum ) [ 90 ], mice [ 91 ], and cattle [ 59 ].…”

Challenges and perspectives in MS-based omics approaches for ecotoxicology studies: An insight on Gammarids sentinel amphipods

“…In this approach, information on the spatial distribution of the molecules within a tissue or whole organism can be attained, giving another level of omics information and hints on metabolic pathway (Amstalden van Hove et al, 2010). Despite the fact that this technique has been widely used in biology, MS imaging is relatively new in the ecotoxicology field (Fu et al, 2021). Nano-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (nanoSIMS) imaging has been used to study the selective distribution of silver and gold toxic nanoparticles respectively in the cuticle and the gut area of G. fossarum tissue sections (Mehennaoui et al, 2018) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has been employed to assess the dynamic changes in lipid composition during the maturation of oocytes in G. fossarum (Fu et al, 2021).…”

“…Despite the fact that this technique has been widely used in biology, MS imaging is relatively new in the ecotoxicology field (Fu et al, 2021). Nano-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (nanoSIMS) imaging has been used to study the selective distribution of silver and gold toxic nanoparticles respectively in the cuticle and the gut area of G. fossarum tissue sections (Mehennaoui et al, 2018) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has been employed to assess the dynamic changes in lipid composition during the maturation of oocytes in G. fossarum (Fu et al, 2021). IMS has been also integrated in MSI offering in situ separation and mapping of isobaric and isomeric lipids in the muscle and oocytes of females of G. fossarum and disclosing differential lipid composition and abundance in the different organs (Fu et al, 2020).…”

TLC-based MS Imaging Analysis of Glycosphingolipids and Glycerin Fatty Acid Esters after 1,2-Dichloroethane Washing

“…Recently, various ionization methods have been developed for lipid analysis using MSI, such as ozone-induced dissociation, nano-particle-assisted laser desorption/ionization (nano-PALDI), and secondary ion MS (SIMS) [31][32][33][34] . Although these techniques are quite powerful methods for lipid analyses, these methods often require extensive reagents, sample preparation/purification, or special instruments.…”