“…Fixed classifications can be valuable in illustrating the struggle that occurs in situated settings, but not enough to capture the complexity of these processes (Anthias, 2020). To understand the complexities of whiteness, some researchers highlight the importance of the intersection of place, time, and meaning (Anthias, 2020;Husain, 2017;Husain, 2019;Karaman & Christian, 2020;Karaman & Christian 2021;Selod, 2018;Shome, 1999). Anthias (2020) shows that in the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, for example, migrants or minorities are seen differently as cultural 'others' due to different social, cultural, and political environments in these countries.…”