Should legislation regarding maximum Pb and Cd levels in human food also cover large game meat?

Taggart, Mark A.; Reglero, Manuel M.; Camarero, Pablo R.; Mateo, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.06.007

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, all of the liver samples analyzed had cadmium levels lower than the MRL set for pig offal: 0.5 mg kg -1 ww. Our data on cadmium occurrence in WB meat fell within the range of published data, i.e., between 0.001 and 0.355 mg kg -1 ww (Medvedev 1999;Rudy 2010;Taggart et al 2011). Compared with the data presented by Hernández et al (1985) regarding wild Spanish fauna, we observed lower levels of cadmium contamination in WB meat (geometric means of 0.07 vs. 0.12 mg kg -1 ww) as well as WB liver (geometric means of 0.067 vs. 0.45 mg kg -1 ww).…”

Section: /2006 For Pigs and Other Farmed Species (European Commissupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For instance, the mean meat contamination data from seven Croatian hunting areas ranged from 0.028 up to 0.150 mg Pb kg -1 ww, with pooled data ranging from 0.001 to 1.01 mg Pb kg -1 ww (Bilandžić et al 2010). Although comparisons are sometimes difficult because of differences in data manipulation, our results for lead fall within the range of values found in the surveyed literature, with the exception of the highest values reported by some investigators (Morales et al 2011;Taggart et al 2011). In those studies, lead levels in WB were most likely caused by lead dispersion into the animal body mass after bullet fragmentation (Hunt et al 2009).…”

Section: /2006 For Pigs and Other Farmed Species (European Commissupporting

confidence: 75%

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Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium in Large Game: A Local-Scale Exposure Assessment for Hunters Consuming Meat and Liver of Wild Boar

Danieli

Serrani

Primi

et al. 2012

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Heavy metals are ubiquitous in soil, water, and air. Their entrance into the food chain is an important environmental issue that entails risks to humans. Several reports indicate that game meat can be an important source of heavy metals, particularly because of the increasing consumption of game meat, mainly by hunters. We performed an exposure assessment of hunters and members of their households, both adults and children, who consumed wild boar (WB) meat and offal. We estimated the amount of cadmium, lead, and chromium in the tissues of WB hunted in six areas within Viterbo Province (Italy) and gathered data on WB meat and offal consumption by conducting specific diet surveys in the same areas. The exposure to cadmium, lead, and chromium was simulated with specifically developed Monte Carlo simulation models. Cadmium and lead levels in WB liver and meat harvested in Viterbo Province (Italy) were similar to or lower than the values reported in other studies. However, some samples contained these metals at levels greater then the EU limits set for domestic animals. The chromium content of meat or liver cannot be evaluated against any regulatory limit, but our results suggest that the amounts of this metal found in WB products may reflect a moderate environmental load. Our survey of the hunter population confirmed that their consumption of WB meat and liver was greater than that of the general Italian population. This level of consumption was comparable with other European studies. Consumption of WB products contributes significantly to cadmium and lead exposure of both adults and children. More specifically, consumption of the WB liver contributed significantly to total cadmium and lead exposure of members of the households of WB hunters. As a general rule, liver consumption should be kept to a minimum, especially for children living in these hunter households. The exposure to chromium estimated for this population of hunters may be considered to be safe. However, a specific and complete assessment of chromium speciation in relevant dietary and environmental situations should be conducted.

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Section: /2006 For Pigs and Other Farmed Species (European Commissupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: /2006 For Pigs and Other Farmed Species (European Commissupporting

confidence: 75%

Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium in Large Game: A Local-Scale Exposure Assessment for Hunters Consuming Meat and Liver of Wild Boar

Danieli

Serrani

Primi

et al. 2012

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…The strong dependence of griffon vultures on human-mediated carcasses from livestock [9] and hunting [8] further enhances its usefulness for monitoring potential exposure to environmental contaminants on humans (e.g. consuming meat from livestock and big game) [10][11][12]. We identified the sources of lead using isotope analyses and used statistical models to more fully elucidate the principal exposure pathways [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from livestock or hunting) could make it also suitable to identify potential harmful effects on human health (e.g. lead in game meat) [11]. Thus, through mapping the risk of lead exposure exceeding background for griffon vultures, managers can identify areas where taking actions to limit human and/or wildlife exposure to potential lead sources (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mapping the spatio-temporal risk of lead exposure in apex species for more effective mitigation

et al. 2016

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Effective mitigation of the risks posed by environmental contaminants for ecosystem integrity and human health requires knowing their sources and spatio-temporal distribution. We analysed the exposure to lead (Pb) in griffon vulture Gyps fulvus-an apex species valuable as biomonitoring sentinel. We determined vultures' lead exposure and its main sources by combining isotope signatures and modelling analyses of 691 bird blood samples collected over 5 years. We made yearlong spatially explicit predictions of the species risk of lead exposure. Our results highlight elevated lead exposure of griffon vultures (i.e. 44.9% of the studied population, approximately 15% of the European, showed lead blood levels more than 200 ng ml 21 ) partly owing to environmental lead (e.g. geological sources). These exposures to environmental lead of geological sources increased in those vultures exposed to point sources (e.g. lead-based ammunition). These spatial models and pollutant risk maps are powerful tools that identify areas of wildlife exposure to potentially harmful sources of lead that could affect ecosystem and human health.

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“…Pb exposed animals represent a significant hazard for human consumers due to the elevated Pb levels held in their tissues (Guitart et al, 2002;Taggart et al, 2011). Here, 68-78% of birds (Fig.…”

Section: Risk For Human Consumersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Pb poisoning in birds and Pb exposure in game meat consumers: The dual benefit of effective Pb shot regulation

Mateo

Vallverdú-Coll

López-Antia

et al. 2014

Environment International

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The use of lead (Pb) ammunition in the form of shot pellets has been identified as a Pb exposure risk in wildlife and their human consumers. We explore the hypothesis that Pb shot ban enforcement reduces the risk of avian Pb poisoning as well as Pb exposure in game meat consumers. We assessed compliance with a partial ban on Pb shot commencing in 2003 by examination of 937 waterbirds harvested by hunters between 2007 and 2012 in the Ebro delta (Spain). Prevalence of Pb shot ingestion was determined, as were Pb concentrations in liver and muscle tissue to evaluate the potential for Pb exposure in game meat consumers. Hunted birds with only embedded Pb shot (no steel) declined from 26.9% in 2007-08 to b2% over the following three hunting seasons after ban reinforcement. Pb shot ingestion in mallards decreased from a pre-ban value of 30.2% to 15.5% in the post-ban period. Liver Pb levels were predominantly defined by the presence of ingested shot, whereas muscle levels were defined by the presence of both ingested and embedded shot. Only 2.5% of mallard muscle tissue had Pb levels above European Union regulations for meat (0.1 μg/g wet weight) in the 2008-09 season, when Pb shot ingestion prevalence was also at a minimum (5.1%). Effective restrictions in Pb ammunition use have a dual benefit since this reduces Pb exposure for game meat consumers due to embedded ammunition as well as reducing Pb poisoning in waterbirds.

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Should legislation regarding maximum Pb and Cd levels in human food also cover large game meat?

Cited by 70 publications

References 43 publications

Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium in Large Game: A Local-Scale Exposure Assessment for Hunters Consuming Meat and Liver of Wild Boar

Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium in Large Game: A Local-Scale Exposure Assessment for Hunters Consuming Meat and Liver of Wild Boar

Mapping the spatio-temporal risk of lead exposure in apex species for more effective mitigation

Reducing Pb poisoning in birds and Pb exposure in game meat consumers: The dual benefit of effective Pb shot regulation

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