Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study

Kelly, Muireann; Wills, Jane; Jester, Rebecca; Speller, Viv

doi:10.1111/jan.13173

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Nurses as health professionals may be expected to practice healthy lifestyles and be role models for health [3,50,51]. Nevertheless, the inconsistency in the literature about the mixed influence of knowledge on HPBs may be explained by the relationship between psychological factors, such as self-regulatory mechanisms, and behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Nigerian Nurses’ Engagement in Health Promoting Behaviors: A Socio-Ecological Model Approach

Uchendu

Windle

Blake

2020

IJERPH

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Nurses make up the single largest healthcare professional group in the Nigerian healthcare system. As frontline healthcare providers, they promote healthy lifestyles to patients and families. However, the determinants of Nigerian nurses’ personal health promoting behaviors (HPBs) remain unknown. Utilizing the socio-ecological model (SEM) approach, this study aimed to explore the perceived facilitators and barriers to Nigerian nurses’ engagement in HPBs. HPBs were operationalized to comprise of healthy dietary behaviors, engagement in physical activity, low-risk alcohol consumption, and non-smoking behaviors. Our study was carried out in a large sub-urban tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data collection was via face-to-face semi-structured interviews and participants were registered nurses (n = 18). Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically to produce nine themes that were mapped onto corresponding levels of influence on the SEM. Findings show that in Nigeria, nurses perceive there to be a lack of organizational and policy level initiatives and interventions to facilitate their engagement in HPBs. The determinants of Nigerian nurses’ HPBs span across all five levels of the SEM. Nurses perceived more barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors than facilitators. Engagement in healthy behaviors was heavily influenced by: societal and organizational infrastructure and perceived value for public health; job-related factors such as occupational stress, high workload, lack of protected breaks, and shift-work; cultural and religious beliefs; financial issues; and health-related knowledge. Organizations should provide facilities and services to support healthy lifestyle choices in Nigeria nurses. Government policies should prioritize the promotion of health through the workplace setting, by advocating the development, implementation, regulation, and monitoring of healthy lifestyle policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Nigerian Nurses’ Engagement in Health Promoting Behaviors: A Socio-Ecological Model Approach

Uchendu

Windle

Blake

2020

IJERPH

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“…This pilot study tested whether a social marketing campaign that emphasized a professional expectation of nurses as credible public health messengers could encourage social conformity amongst nurses to demonstrate healthier lifestyles. Although there is little evidence that patients actually reject messages from staff who may be obese or smokers (Kelly, Wills, Sykes, ), it is an accepted assumption that healthcare staff should “practise what they preach” (Kelly, Wills, Jester, et al., ). Stage One of the present study showed that most nurses accepted this proposition (i.e., it was socially normative), even if they did not evidence a healthy lifestyle themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are limits to how far the concept was tested due to budgetary constraints and the nature of the campaign and its limited reach. Following from other work in this area (Kelly, Wills, Jester, et al, 2017;Kelly, Wills, Sykes, 2017) however, it does seem that there is a lack of acceptance that nurses should be role models and resistance to this concept being promoted as a realistic expectation of nurses.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nurses who engage in unhealthy behaviours may be less willing to intervene and offer health promotion advice for fear of criticism or appearing hypocritical (Aranda & McGreevy, 2014;Beletsioti-Stika & Scriven, 2006;González, Bennasar, Pericàs, Seguí, & De Pedro, 2009;Sejr & Osler, 2002;Sekijima, Seki, & Suzuki, 2005) and patients appear less likely to follow advice given by unhealthy nurses (Hicks et al, 2008;Kelly, Wills, Jester, & Speller, 2017;Kelly, Wills, & Sykes, 2017). Obesity is a visibly unhealthy behaviour and is frequently referred to in the discourse around nurses being healthy role models (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nurses as role models in health promotion: Piloting the acceptability of a social marketing campaign

Wills

Kelly

Frings

2018

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aim To pilot the acceptability to practising nurses of the concept of being healthy role models as regards obesity and weight. Background Nursing standards expect nurses to act as role models of professionalism, including maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Many healthcare employers wish to instigate values and social norms about professional behaviour in staff. Methods A mixed methods study comprising two stages. In Stage One, an online survey was used to develop an intervention, which was then evaluated by a rapid intercept survey with open‐ended questions. Insights from 71 obese nurses, recruited at a 2016 nursing conference, were used to develop a social marketing campaign encouraging a social norm around professional behaviour as regards healthy lifestyles and obesity, with the message that “first impressions count” in staff‐patient encounters. The campaign was tested with 79 nurses at three English hospitals. Results In Stage One, 58% agreed that nurses should be role models and 48% that being obese made the public less likely to trust their public health messages. In Stage Two, the campaign concept of “first impressions count” was widely understood and accepted, but nurses found the introduction of a professional expectation around personal behaviours unacceptable. Conclusion Nurses accept an expectation that they are healthy role models but refute its value when confronted with real‐life scenarios. Other aspects of identity were privileged to avoid engaging with the healthy role model message. Personal health behaviour was seen as part of a private domain and not part of their public presentation in professional life.

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“…In accordance with this, Kelly et al. () reported that it was crucial that nurses felt supported rather than punished or blamed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Health professionals’ personal behaviours hindering health promotion: A study of nurses who smoke

Mujika

Arantzamendi

Lopez‐Dicastillo

et al. 2017

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Should nurses be role models for healthy lifestyles? Results from a modified Delphi study

Abstract: The findings challenge the assumptions underpinning the argument that nurses be healthy role models. Further research is needed to understand the views of frontline nurses and to further explore avenues by which health services staff health can be improved.

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Nigerian Nurses’ Engagement in Health Promoting Behaviors: A Socio-Ecological Model Approach

Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Nigerian Nurses’ Engagement in Health Promoting Behaviors: A Socio-Ecological Model Approach

Nurses as role models in health promotion: Piloting the acceptability of a social marketing campaign

Health professionals’ personal behaviours hindering health promotion: A study of nurses who smoke

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