Should Trypanosoma cruzi be called "cruzi" complex? A review of the parasite diversity and the potential of selecting population after in Vitro culturing and mice infection

Devera, Rodolfo; Fernandes, Octávio; Coura, José Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762003000100001

Cited by 101 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…In this study, results of hybridization profiles with the panel of probes did not show different T. cruzi genotypes among the species studied, which indicated that T. cruzi genotypes do not have specific associations with wild mammal species, as suggested. 11,44 Moreover, results for T. cruzi genotypes circulating in C. hircus, a recently introduced host, do not vary substantially from native hosts. These results indicate that there is no evidence for a strong host-parasite association between specific mammal hosts and T. cruzi genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Coexistence of Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes in Wild and Periodomestic Mammals in Chile

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Epidemiologic evidence suggests a preferential association of Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes TCI and TCII with marsupials and placental mammals, respectively. We identify T. cruzi genotypes from 117 infected mammals. Minicircle DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with a panel of four specific probes showed frequencies for the T. cruzi genotypes TCI, TCIIb, TCIId, and TCIIe of 38%, 41%, 26%, and 9%, respectively, in wild mammals. In peridomestic mammals, frequencies for the same clones were 29%, 33%, 43%, and 14%, respectively. As a whole, mixed infections are found in more than 31% of the cases, which indicates the coexistence of multiclonal strains circulating in nature, and the absence of specific associations between T. cruzi genotypes and reservoir hosts, including marsupials. The direct characterization of parasite genotypes emphasizes the importance of obtaining unbiased epidemiologic information from parasite-endemic areas. Results are discussed in the context of competition or facilitation of T. cruzi genotypes within hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Coexistence of Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes in Wild and Periodomestic Mammals in Chile

et al. 2007

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“…However, as the isolation of the parasites in cultures or mice could lead to strain selection, only direct characterization from insects and mammalian samples allow strains to be typed without bias. 16 On this basis, and given the high sensitivity of kinetoplastid minicircle amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the polymorphism of minicircle hypervariable regions (mHVRs) has been used in many studies for the direct molecular characterization of parasitic populations from biological samples. 8,[17][18][19][20][21][22] Beyond the high variability of mHVR, the comparison of several minicircle regions within and among strains, has allowed identification of some sequences more represented in certain sublineages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotyping of Trypanosoma cruzi Sublineage in Human Samples from a North-East Argentina Area by Hybridization with DNA Probes and Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Diez¹,

Lorenz²,

Ortíz³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. We have evaluated blood samples of chronic and congenital Trypanosoma cruzi -infected patients from the city of Reconquista located in the northeast of Argentina where no information was previously obtained about the genotype of infecting parasites. Fourteen samples of congenital and 19 chronical patients were analyzed by hybridization with DNA probes of minicircle hypervariable regions (mHVR). In congenital patients, 50% had single infections with TcIId, 7% single infections with TcIIe, 29% mixed infections with TcIId/e, and 7% had mixed infections with TcIId/b and 7% TcIId/b, respectively. In Chronical patients, 52% had single infections with TcIId, 11% single infections with TcIIe, 26% had mixed infections with TcIId/e, and 11% had non-identified genotypes. With these samples, we evaluated the minicircle lineage-specific polymerase chain reaction assay (MLS-PCR), which involves a nested PCR to HVR minicircle sequences and we found a correlation with hybridization probes of 96.4% for TcIId and 54.8% for TcIIe.

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“…T. cruzi I is linked to the sylvatic cycle and human disease in Central America and the Andean countries, and T. cruzi II in the Southern Cone countries is related to the domestic cycle and produces major infections and morbidity in humans. 45,46 Because most immigrants in the United States are from Mexico and Central America, it may be possible that the T. cruzi I lineage infecting them is less able to produce congenital T. cruzi infection than the T. cruzi II lineage, which is more common in countries from the Southern cone, where most cases of congenital T. cruzi infection have been described. 1,3,4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In addition, because neither the Hispanic pregnant women nor their newborns are screened for Chagas disease, it may also be possible that inexperienced health personnel miss the asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic cases and the symptomatic cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Chagas Disease: Estimating the Potential Risk in the United States

Yadón¹,

Schmuñis²

2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Economic hardship and/or political turmoil stimulated migration of Trypanosoma cruzi -infected population from Latin American countries to the United States and Europe; originating cases of Chagas disease were transmitted through blood, organ donation, and vertical transmission. Hispanic immigrant women of reproductive age in the United States coming from Chagas disease-endemic countries accounted for 2,384,644, and 5,841,538 in 1990 and 2000, respectively. Considering the prevalence rates for T. cruzi infection in their country of origin and the risk of newborns from infected mothers to acquire congenital infection as 1.33% and 5%, we estimated that the number of T. cruzi -infected newborns was 85-318 in 1990 and 166-638 in 2000. Diagnosis of infection in the mother and newborns at risk is needed. A high rate of cure is achieved, almost 100%, when the offspring is treated early. Health authorities, professional associations, physicians, and Hispanic groups should pay more attention to the subject.

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Should Trypanosoma cruzi be called "cruzi" complex? A review of the parasite diversity and the potential of selecting population after in Vitro culturing and mice infection

Abstract: Morpho-biological diversity of

Cited by 101 publications

References 127 publications

Coexistence of Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes in Wild and Periodomestic Mammals in Chile

Coexistence of Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes in Wild and Periodomestic Mammals in Chile

Genotyping of Trypanosoma cruzi Sublineage in Human Samples from a North-East Argentina Area by Hybridization with DNA Probes and Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Congenital Chagas Disease: Estimating the Potential Risk in the United States

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