Should We Pay Mothers Who Receive WIC to Breastfeed?

Furman, Lydia

doi:10.1542/peds.2016-3828

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…15 Another aspect that is worth noting from prior studies 13,15 is that despite the fact that financial incentives have been used to encourage other health behaviors, there has been a lack of effort toward linking financial incentives to breastfeeding. 16 Cash transfers can have potential unexpected effects such as labor market alterations, family structure, fertility, and other supply side market distortions. To detect the specific side effects in using CTs to increase maternity leave protection among informally employed women, it will be important to closely monitor and evaluate the implementation process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Similarly, extra financial payments among low-income women who were enrolled in the US Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children suggested that incentives worked in promoting breastfeeding outcomes. 16,17 A systematic literature review on incentives to promote breastfeeding noted that incentives are very heterogeneous (ie, access to breast pumps, gifts, vouchers, money, food packages, household task support); hence, there is no consensus on better incentive options, and further evidence is needed. 18 The systematic review examined did not include prior studies about noncontributory CT. 18 Such a policy instrument would be different in nature to financial incentives previously examined, as it would seek to "level the playing field" among women employed in the informal sector, when compared to formally employed women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Costing a Maternity Leave Cash Transfer to Support Breastfeeding Among Informally Employed Mexican Women

et al. 2019

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Background: Investing in maternity protection for working women is an important social equity mechanism. Addressing the maternity leave needs of women employed in the informal sector economy should be a priority as more than half of women in Latin America, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa are employed in this sector. Objective: To develop a costing methodology framework to assess the financial feasibility, at the national level, of implementing a maternity cash transfer for informally employed women. Methods: A World Bank costing methodology was adapted for estimating the financial need to establish a maternity cash transfer benefit. The methodology estimates the cash transfer's unitary cost, the incremental coverage of the policy in terms of time, the weighted population to be covered, and the administrative costs. The 6-step methodology uses employment and sociodemographic data that are available in many countries through employment and demographic surveys and the population census. The methodology was tested with data for Mexico assuming different cash transfer unitary costs and the benefit's time coverage. Results: The methodological framework estimated that the annual financial needs of setting up a maternity cash transfer for informally working women in Mexico ranges between US$87 million and US$280 million. Conclusions: A pragmatic methodology for assessing the costs of maternity cash transfer for informally employed women was developed. In the case of Mexico, the maternity cash transfer for women in the informal sector is financially feasible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Costing a Maternity Leave Cash Transfer to Support Breastfeeding Among Informally Employed Mexican Women

et al. 2019

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“…Such factors can be categorized into the following six groups: (a) the presence of barriers to breastfeeding, such as lactation difficulties and concerns about milk supply (e.g., Hornsby et al, 2019; Odom et al, 2013); (b) demographic factors, such as age and socioeconomic status (e.g., Bosnjak et al, 2009; Coleman et al, 2009); (c) social factors, such as support from families and norms (e.g., Russell et al, 2021; Tchaconas et al, 2017); (d) health‐related factors, such as smoking and life stress (e.g., Cohen et al, 2018; Dozier et al, 2012); (e) cognitive factors, such as self‐efficacy and attitudes toward breastfeeding (e.g., Brockway et al, 2017; Nnebe‐Agumadu et al, 2016); and (f) previous breastfeeding experiences (e.g., Huang et al, 2019). Moreover, various attempts have been made to improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding, which include breastfeeding education/support provided antenatally (Lumbiganon et al, 2016) or postnatally (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2021), as well as providing financial incentives for continuation of breastfeeding (e.g., Furman, 2017; Washio et al, 2017).…”

Section: Previous Studies Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A behavioral economic demand analysis of mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace

Hayashi

Fisher

Hantula³

et al. 2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The present study determined whether behavioral economic demand analysis could characterize mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace. Females, aged between 18 and 50 who have given birth in the past three years, completed a novel demand task with hypothetical scenarios, in which they returned to work with a 2-month-old baby. Participants rated their likelihood of breastfeeding their baby at a workplace lactation room versus formula-feeding their baby at their desk. The distance to the lactation room ranged from 10 s to 60 min. This assessment was conducted with and without hypothetical financial incentives for 6-month exclusive breastfeeding. Primary dependent measures were demand intensity and change in demand elasticity, which could conceptually represent initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, respectively. Demand for breastfeeding was more intense and less elastic (i.e., more likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding) among mothers with an experience of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding and under the condition with the financial incentives. The novel demand task can potentially provide a useful behavioral marker for quantifying mothers' decision to initiate and continue exclusive breastfeeding in the workplace, informing workplace policy regarding lactation rooms, identifying risk for early cessation, and developing and individualizing an intervention to assist mothers to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace.

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“…Part of the challenge with implementing an incentive-based intervention in maternal behavior change is the concern of social validity. The concern over social validity pertains to varying attitudes about using incentive-based interventions to promote individual behavior change as an acceptable way to improve public health (Furman, 2017;Klein, 2014;Morgan et al, 2013; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2010; Raftery et al, 2009; Working Group on Incentives for Living Donation, 2012). In other words, social validity is directly relevant to the dissemination of innovative interventions and the development of appropriate community-based technologies (Winett, Moore, & Anderson, 1991).…”

Section: Incentive-based Behavioral Interventions With Contingent Incmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Behavioral Health: Fertile Ground for Behavior Analysis

Washio

Humphreys²

2018

Perspect Behav Sci

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The World Health Organization has identified four behavioral health priorities as risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in maternal populations: tobacco use, harmful alcohol use, poor nutrition, and lack of physical activity. These risk factors also significantly affect pregnant and immediately postpartum mothers, doubling the health risk and economic burden by adversely affecting maternal and birth or infant outcomes. Psychosocial and behavioral interventions are ideal for pregnant and immediately postpartum women as opposed to pharmacotherapy. Among other behavioral interventions, the use of incentives based on the principles of reinforcement has been a successful yet controversial way to change health behaviors. Implementing an incentive-based intervention in maternal health often brings up social validity concerns. The existing guideline on how to develop and conduct research in incentive-based interventions for maternal health lacks enough information on the specific variables to control for to maintain the intervention's effectiveness. This article outlines some of the critical variables in implementing an effective behavior-analytic intervention and addressing social validity concerns to change maternal behaviors in a sustainable manner, along with specific research topics needed in the field to prevent adverse maternal, birth, and infant outcomes. Keywords Health incentives. Maternal and infant health. Smoking. Drinking. Breastfeeding. Behavioral health research Around the world, 35 million people annually die from noncommunicable diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory illnesses, and diabetes

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Should We Pay Mothers Who Receive WIC to Breastfeed?

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Costing a Maternity Leave Cash Transfer to Support Breastfeeding Among Informally Employed Mexican Women

Costing a Maternity Leave Cash Transfer to Support Breastfeeding Among Informally Employed Mexican Women

A behavioral economic demand analysis of mothers' decision to exclusively breastfeed in the workplace

Maternal Behavioral Health: Fertile Ground for Behavior Analysis

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