Should We Trust You? Strategies to Improve Access to Mental Healthcare to BIPOC Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Waller, Bernadine; Giusto, Ali; Tepper, Miriam C.; Sweetland, Annika C.; Taffy, Amanda; Wainberg, Milton L.

doi:10.1007/s10597-023-01124-y

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly. PERCEIVED CONTROL AND HELP-SEEKING face additional barriers to help-seeking (Lucas & Berkel, 2005;Waller et al, 2024) and have a lower sense of PC across age groups (e.g., Shaw & Krause, 2001). This latter point is in part explained by the fact that racial exclusion (Peterson et al, 2020) and discrimination predict lower PC, which then predicts greater psychological distress (Vargas et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The homogeneity of our sample limited our ability to investigate the influence of other important distal sociocultural factors on help-seeking, in addition to age, gender, and income. Race is one such factor that may be particularly important since visible minorities face additional barriers to help-seeking (Lucas & Berkel, 2005; Waller et al, 2024) and have a lower sense of PC across age groups (e.g., Shaw & Krause, 2001). This latter point is in part explained by the fact that racial exclusion (Peterson et al, 2020) and discrimination predict lower PC, which then predicts greater psychological distress (Vargas et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived control moderates the internalized stigma model of seeking mental health services in distressed older adults.

Murphy,

Mackenzie,

Dryden

et al. 2024

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Older adults are especially unlikely to seek mental health services, and internalized stigma is a key reason why. However, little research has investigated which older adults are particularly likely to have stigma influence help-seeking. To address this, we tested whether perceived control (PC) moderates an internalized stigma model in which public stigma is internalized as self-stigma, which negatively predicts help-seeking attitudes and help-seeking intentions. We employed moderated mediation analysis of cross-sectional, secondary data from 348 psychologically distressed Canadian adults aged 65 years and older. Participants completed an online survey that included measures of public stigma of help-seeking, self-stigma of help-seeking, help-seeking attitudes, conditional help-seeking intentions, psychological distress, and PC. PC emerged as a moderator of the internalized stigma model. Those lower in PC were more likely to have public stigma negatively predict help-seeking intentions through the serial mediation of (a) self-stigma and (b) help-seeking attitudes. Further, those lower in PC were more likely to have public stigma internalized as self-stigma and more likely to have negative help-seeking attitudes predict lower help-seeking intentions. Finally, those lower in PC also had lower help-seeking intentions in the face of low levels of self-stigma. These results contribute to a nuanced understanding of which older adults are unlikely to seek help. Identifying PC as a moderator of the internalized stigma model suggests that interventions that enhance PC should protect against public stigma's internalization and improve help-seeking behaviors for older adults who need such help. Public Significance StatementThis study demonstrates that if distressed older adults are low in perceived control (i.e., they feel they have little control over influencing outcomes and events), they are more likely to avoid seeking psychological help when exposed to help-seeking stigma. This is important because older adults are the age demographic least likely to seek help for mental health concerns, and enhancing perceptions of control is one way to improve treatment seeking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived control moderates the internalized stigma model of seeking mental health services in distressed older adults.

Murphy,

Mackenzie,

Dryden

et al. 2024

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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show abstract

“…First, though the ability to control for Type I error rates was a strength of this study, the family-wise error rate was still elevated at 8.4%. Second, our sample was predominantly White, which is especially problematic given that Black, Indigenous, and people of color face unique barriers to seeking help (Waller et al, 2024). Additionally, our findings differ from research conducted on samples from other cultural backgrounds (e.g., Shabrina et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the Big Five personality traits on help-seeking stigmas, attitudes, and intentions.

Murphy,

Mackenzie

2024

Stigma and Health

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“…Second, the vast majority of our sample of OA was White and identified with traditional binary genders, adding to the limitations surrounding generalizability. BIPOC groups (Waller et al, 2023) and those with diverse gender identities (Ferrucci et al, 2023) face additional barriers to mental health service use. Future research should attempt to recruit more diverse samples to achieve a more nuanced understanding of helpseeking in later life.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health literacy reduces the impact of internalized stigma on willingness to seek mental health services

Mackenzie,

Krook,

Murphy

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objectives: Older adults (OA) are the age demographic least likely to seek help, and internalized stigma is an important reason why. We sought to further our understanding of which OA are particularly likely to be negatively impacted by internalized stigma, and why, by investigating mental health literacy (MHL) as a moderator within the internalized stigma model (ISM) of help seeking. Methods: We utilized conditional-process analysis of cross-sectional, secondary data from 350 distressed OA. Participants completed an online survey consisting of measures of distress, MHL, public and self-stigma of seeking help, help-seeking attitudes, and willingness to seek services. Results: MHL moderated the ISM; distressed OA with low MHL were more likely to have public stigma internalized as self-stigma, which in turn reduced their willingness to seek services. The direct negative impact of self-stigma on help-seeking attitudes and willingness to seek services was also stronger among distressed OA with low MHL. Conclusions: These results increase our understanding of which OA are unlikely to seek mental health help, and why. Furthermore, MHL is a malleable construct and can serve as the target of interventions designed to increase the help-seeking propensity among OA in need of help.

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Should We Trust You? Strategies to Improve Access to Mental Healthcare to BIPOC Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Perceived control moderates the internalized stigma model of seeking mental health services in distressed older adults.

Perceived control moderates the internalized stigma model of seeking mental health services in distressed older adults.

The impact of the Big Five personality traits on help-seeking stigmas, attitudes, and intentions.

Mental health literacy reduces the impact of internalized stigma on willingness to seek mental health services

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