Shoulder dystocia: what happens at the next delivery?

Smith, R. B.; Lane, C.; Pearson, James F.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13193.x

Cited by 62 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Shoulder dystocia was defined as failure of the spontaneous delivery of the fetal shoulders after the head due to impaction of the anterior shoulder against the symphysis pubis, as judged by the clinician delivering the fetus. Disimpaction usually required additional maneuvers beyond downward traction of the head and an episiotomy (8), (9). Prolonged second stage of labor was defined as duration of more than one hour in multiparas and more than two hours in nulliparas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoulder dystocia: What is the risk of recurrence?

Usta

Hayek

Yahya

et al. 2008

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoulder dystocia: What is the risk of recurrence?

Usta

Hayek

Yahya

et al. 2008

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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“…However, evidence regarding the effect of parity on shoulder dystocia is scarce 2,9 . In one study, nulliparous women with diabetes had twice the rate of shoulder dystocia as multiparous women with diabetes (20% versus 10%; OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.16–1.7, respectively) 22 …”

Section: Risk Factors For Shoulder Dystociamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior shoulder dystocia is the risk factor most strongly correlated with shoulder dystocia; however, the low recurrence rates (9.8%‐16.7%) make previous shoulder dystocia an unreliable predictor of future shoulder dystocia 4,9,22 . Greater fetal weight and higher parity seem to increase the risk of recurrent dystocia.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Shoulder Dystociamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greater fetal weight and higher parity seem to increase the risk of recurrent dystocia. However, there are no significant differences in maternal age, gestational age, duration of first and second stages of labor, gestational diabetes, and operative delivery in women who experienced a second shoulder dystocia compared with women who did not have a shoulder dystocia during a subsequent birth 4,9,22 …”

Section: Risk Factors For Shoulder Dystociamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A history of previous shoulder dystocia or brachial plexus injury should be recorded in the problem list area of the prenatal record. Although prior shoulder dystocia is not a reliable predictor of subsequent shoulder dystocia, 9,22 clients who have experienced shoulder dystocia or brachial plexus injury should receive detailed information about the risk of recurrence and other risk factors that might contribute to an injury. Ideally, the client, the midwife, and the consulting physician make a plan for the safest time and place of birth.…”

Section: Antepartum Management Of Risk Factors For Shoulder Dystocia mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shoulder Dystocia: Etiology, Common Risk Factors, and Management

Jevitt

2005

J Midwife Womens Health

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Shoulder dystocia and brachial plexus injury occur in 0.5% to 1.5% of all births. Risk factors for both include maternal obesity, excessive prenatal weight gain, maternal diabetes, protracted labor, and fetal macrosomia. These factors are involved in only about 50% of births complicated by shoulder dystocia or brachial plexus injury. Shoulder dystocia has a low recurrence rate (9.8%-16.7%), although history of previous shoulder dystocia is the most reliable predictor of occurrence. Brachial plexus injury is the most common morbidity associated with shoulder dystocia, but 50% of newborns who present with this injury were not subject to shoulder dystocia at birth. Most brachial plexus injuries are transient, although 5% to 22% become permanent. Shoulder dystocia followed by permanent brachial plexus injury or mental impairment is one of the leading causes of malpractice allegations. Prompt assessment and management of shoulder dystocia and preparation to maximize the efficiency of shoulder dystocia maneuvers are critical. Documentation of the appropriate use of maneuvers to relieve shoulder dystocia demonstrates standard of care practice, thereby decreasing the potential for successful malpractice allegations.

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