Shoulder Savers: Alterations of Traditional Exercises

Rosenthal, Michael D.

doi:10.1519/1073-6840(1997)019<0007:ssaote>2.3.co;2

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The shoulder joint is the most common joint injured in baseball players (22,28). Although strength training has been shown to increase strength and throwing velocity in baseball players (32,39), some players do not train using the bench press because of pain experienced during the exercise or because of speculation that this exercise places high stress on the shoulder (17,34,37). The anterior glenohumeral tissue is the most common site for joint hyperlaxity and instability (16) and receives the greatest stress during the bottom position of the bench press (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pain levels were not recorded throughout the training after each training session, which may produce higher stress on the shoulder than is perceived to occur after a throwing session. Several authors have reported that the traditional bench press exercise places stress on the anterior capsule, ligaments, and tendon structures of the glenohumeral joint with the resistance near the chest (17,34,37). Traditional high-intensity bench press training to improve strength may increase the risk of shoulder injuries in baseball players who participate in baseball practice because of the repetitive stress involved during throwing and strength training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Chain- and Plate-Loaded Bench Press Training on Strength, Joint Pain, and Muscle Soreness in Division II Baseball Players

McCurdy

Langford

Ernest

et al. 2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chain- (CBP) and plate-loaded (PBP) bench press training on measures of strength, shoulder pain, and muscle soreness in Division II baseball players. Twenty-eight subjects with previous resistance training experience (4.8 +/- 2.7 years) completed the study while participating in off-season baseball practice. All subjects completed a one-repetition maximum pre- and posttest on the CBP and PBP and reported shoulder pain and muscle soreness on 15 occasions during training. Two treatment groups, CBP and PBP, trained 2 d.wk for 9 weeks during the off-season with a linear periodization strength training program. The CBP group used chains attached to the bar as the entire load, and the PBP group used only traditional plate-loaded resistance. The chains provided a variable resistance, with a reduction in load during the descent as the weight collected on the floor and with the load increasing during ascent as the weight was lifted from the floor. Statistically significant increases were found in strength scores after training for the CBP test (p < 0.001) and the PBP test (p < 0.001). Both groups were able to improve strength on the CBP and PBP, but no significant differences were found in strength gains between the groups on the CBP and PBP tests. Although levels of pain and soreness were not significantly different, a threefold difference was found for perceived levels of shoulder pain (mean totals of 2.15 vs. 6.14), whereas reported soreness was similar (9.38 vs. 10.57) for the CBP and PBP group, respectively. The data indicate that training with chain- and plate-loaded resistance produce similar short-term strength improvement on the chain- and plate-loaded bench press. Baseball players may benefit from CBP training with improved free-weight strength while minimizing shoulder stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Chain- and Plate-Loaded Bench Press Training on Strength, Joint Pain, and Muscle Soreness in Division II Baseball Players

McCurdy

Langford

Ernest

et al. 2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…Weak stabilizers will compromise the boxer's maximum strength and power potential, while making him more susceptible to injury (3). The upper fibers of the trapezius play a key role in stabilizing and protecting the neck and should be strengthened using a variety of exercises, such as high pulls, upright rows, and/or shoulder shrugs (5,16,17).…”

Section: Exercise Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complex coordination of movements between the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint and shoulder girdle (acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints) determine mobility at the shoulder (17). Optimal function of the shoulder muscles (deltoids, rotator cuff, and scapular stabilizers) is needed to coordinate the highly specific movements required in boxing and to reduce injury risk (5,14,15,16).…”

Section: Injury Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its complex structure and the repetitive forces generated by both the hitting motion and the impact forces delivered from opponents, the shoulder is especially vulnerable to injury (5,17). Repetitive overuse of the anterior shoulder muscles elicits a muscle strength imbalance as the anterior muscles become proportionally stronger than the posterior muscles and increase the risk of injury.…”

Section: Injury Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boxing

Wallace¹,

Flanagan²

1999

Strength and Conditioning Journal

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The Validity and Reliability of the 1RM Bench Press Using Chain-Loaded Resistance

McCurdy

Langford

Jenkerson

et al. 2008

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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The purposes of this study were to determine the validity and test-retest reliability of the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) chain-loaded, free-weight bench press (CBP) and to examine possible learning effects that may occur between the test-retest measurements. Nine resistance-trained men (20.58 +/- 1.31 years, 188.24 +/- 9.29 cm, 92.07 +/- 16.94 kg) and seven resistance-trained women (20.42 +/- 0.98 years, 175.61 +/- 9.32 cm, 73.61 +/- 10.80 kg) participating in Division II college basketball completed this study. Two familiarization sessions took place using light to moderate loads to learn proper technique. The subjects completed a 1RM test on the traditional plate-loaded bench press 4 days before completion of the CBP 1RM, which was followed by 4 days of rest before completing the retest. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the percent coefficients of variation (CV) were used to determine relative and absolute test-retest reliability. Concurrent validity was determined from the Pearson correlation coefficients between the CBP and the plate-loaded bench press. Test-retest differences were analyzed with the paired t-test. ICC and CV for the men (r = 0.99, 1.4%) and women (r = 0.93, 3.5%), respectively indicate that highly reproducible 1RM scores can be found with the CBP. High validity was also found with high correlations between the CBP and plate-loaded bench press for the men (r = 0.95) and women (r = 0.80). A statistically significant (p = 0.04) but clinically small (2.57 kg) shift in the mean occurred between the CBP test and retest for the men, whereas no change occurred for the women. The data indicate that valid and reliable 1RM scores can be found after two familiarization sessions in men and women athletes who have previous resistance training experience.

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Shoulder Savers: Alterations of Traditional Exercises

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of Chain- and Plate-Loaded Bench Press Training on Strength, Joint Pain, and Muscle Soreness in Division II Baseball Players

Comparison of Chain- and Plate-Loaded Bench Press Training on Strength, Joint Pain, and Muscle Soreness in Division II Baseball Players

Boxing

The Validity and Reliability of the 1RM Bench Press Using Chain-Loaded Resistance

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