Shpol'skii spectroscopy as a tool in environmental analysis for amino- and nitro-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A critical evaluation

Kozin, Igor; Gooijer, C.; Velthorst, N.H.

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(96)00253-x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several groups developed and applied Shpol'skii spectrometry to a variety of PAHs in several environmental samples, such as crude oils, sediments and fish tissues [59,60], marine sediments [61], river natural waters and sediments [62], and lake sediments [63]. The possibility of utilizing Shpol'skii fluorescence and phosphorescence spectrometry for determination of mutagenic amino-and nitro-substituted PAHs in environmental samples was also critically investigated by Kozin et al [64].…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence methods for study and determination of pollutants in the environment

Vega-Morales

Montesdeoca-Esponda

Rodríguez

et al. 2010

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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The analytical performances and applications of various luminescence spectrometric methods to the study and determination of pollutants present at low levels in the environment are reviewed for the last two decades (1990 – 2010). The first part concerns luminescence stationary systems, including fluorescence, photochemically-induced fluorescence, phosphorescence and related luminescence methods. In the second part, the combination of these luminescence methods with flow techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and flow injection analysis (FIA) for the detection and determination of environmental pollutants is investigated. A part of the review is also devoted to the usefulness of organized supramolecular systems, such as micellar media, cyclodextrins and calixarenes, for improving the efficiency of luminescence methods.

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Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescence methods for study and determination of pollutants in the environment

Vega-Morales

Montesdeoca-Esponda

Rodríguez

et al. 2010

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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“…Among the analytical techniques used for the determination of PAHs, luminescence spectroscopy offers high sensitivity and selectivity and is widely applicable to many samples. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, luminescence techniques are not always sufficiently selective for the analysis of PAH isomers in complex samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab Initio Study of Selective Fluorescence Quenching of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2002

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The mechanism of selective fluorescence quenching of alternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by nitromethane has been investigated using ab initio calculations. Initial studies using 10 archetypal configurations of pyrene (an alternant PAH) and nitromethane established trends in the attractive and repulsive interactions between the two molecules. In general, the computed energy of interaction in the ground and excited states correlated with the orientation of the dipole moment of nitromethane with respect to the electrostatic potential of pyrene. In addition, many local minima were found on the potential energy surface; hence, two representative configurations (one attractive and one repulsive) were explored in detail. Calculations of the interaction of pyrene and fluoranthene (a nonalternant isomer of pyrene) with nitromethane were also conducted as a function of intermolecular separation distance. Two main routes were found for deactivation of the excited-state PAHs by nitromethane: direct energy transfer to the quencher or formation of a fluorophore−quencher ion pair. In studies of their various excited states, pyrene showed an energetically feasible path to an ion pair, whereas fluoranthene did not. In addition, simulation of PAH−solvent complexes showed that neither isomer formed energetically reasonable ion pairs with acetonitrile. Therefore, the selectivity of nitromethane for pyrene appears to be based on the relative ease with which these molecules form an ion pair and then undergo back electron transfer to regenerate the ground state.

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“…They are classified as pollutants which are widely distributed, toxic, and stable, and also are characterized by significant migrational activity and capability of harming the ecosystem [1]. Since the PAH concentration in natural media is rather low, they are studied by methods based on the use of the Shpol'skii effect [2,3]. These methods are sensitive, do not require a large quantity of the original mixture, and make it possible to perform the analysis rather rapidly.…”

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confidence: 99%

Improving the structure of the quasi-line fluorescence spectrum of 1,12-benzperylene with ultrafast freezing

Erina

Vashkevich

2009

J Appl Spectrosc

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We propose a procedure for improving the structure of quasi-line luminescence spectra of organic compounds at low temperatures. The procedure essentially involves spraying the test solution directly into liquid nitrogen, leading to ultrafast crystallization, and then collecting the polycrystalline mass. Such a procedure can be used for spectrofluorimetric analysis of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in natural and anthropogenic media.Introduction. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds whose basic structural element is the benzene ring. They are classified as pollutants which are widely distributed, toxic, and stable, and also are characterized by significant migrational activity and capability of harming the ecosystem [1]. Since the PAH concentration in natural media is rather low, they are studied by methods based on the use of the Shpol'skii effect [2,3]. These methods are sensitive, do not require a large quantity of the original mixture, and make it possible to perform the analysis rather rapidly.Vibronic spectra of polyatomic organic molecules are considerably smeared out even at low temperatures. However, as shown in [2], broadband molecular spectra take on a quasi-line structure under specially selected conditions. Good reproducibility, high resolution, distinctness of the quasi-line spectra, and the possibility of identifying tens of individual compounds in mixtures have made it possible to use the Shpol'skii effect to develop a method for determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of multicomponent systems [4]. The Shpol'skii method essentially involves obtaining quasi-line luminescence spectra of complicated organic molecules in specially selected solvents (more often in normal paraffins) when the solution is cooled down to 77 K and below. For each molecule, there are a number of solvents which are considered "suitable": the lines in the spectra are rather narrow and easily identified. Some solvents are also "unsuitable": the spectra are smeared out and their structure deteriorates.In this paper, we propose a method for improving the structure of the spectra which can be used to improve the reliability of PAH identification from quasi-line luminescence spectra.The Experiment. 1,12-benzperylene was chosen as the object of investigation because it is a very important PAH that is very widely distributed in natural and anthropogenic media [4]. The spectrofluorimetric apparatus was built on the basis of an SDMS diffraction spectrometer (with diffraction grating of 1200 lines/mm and reciprocal linear dispersion 1.2 nm/mm). Excitation was carried out using the emission of a DKSSh-150 xenon lamp with UFS-2 filter. Detection was done using an FE ′ U-36 photoelectron multiplier and a connected N-307 x-y plotter.We used two methods for freezing the organic compound. Conventional freezing was carried out in a cylindrical quartz cuvet with inner diameter 4 mm and wall thickness 0.5 mm by rapid immersion into a Dewar containing boiling nitrogen. The second method, prop...

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Shpol'skii spectroscopy as a tool in environmental analysis for amino- and nitro-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A critical evaluation

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Luminescence methods for study and determination of pollutants in the environment

Luminescence methods for study and determination of pollutants in the environment

Ab Initio Study of Selective Fluorescence Quenching of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Improving the structure of the quasi-line fluorescence spectrum of 1,12-benzperylene with ultrafast freezing

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