“…The effects of postfire logging may vary, however, negatively impacting late-succession species or positively affecting early-seral species, as evidenced by studies of ground dwelling beetles in the boreal forest following postfire logging (Koivula and Spence, 2006;Phillips et al, 2006). Earlyseral ungulate species such as moose (Alces alces), elk (Cervus elaphus), mule (Odocoileus hemionas) and white-tailed deer (Odoicoleus virginianus) may benefit from fire because they consume plant species that increase following fire (Peek, 1974;Merrill et al, 1982;Smith, 2000), which may translate to demographic benefits (Boyce and Merrill, 1991;Taper and Gogan, 2002). Unfortunately, few if any studies have explicitly examined effects of postfire logging on ungulates (McIver and Starr, 2000).…”