Shugoshin 2 is a biomarker for pathological grading and survival prediction in patients with gliomas

Abstract

Glioblastomas are the most common type of adult primary brain neoplasms. Clinically, it is helpful to identify biomarkers to predict the survival of patients with gliomas due to its poor outcome. Shugoshin 2 (SGO2) is critical in cell division and cell cycle progression in eukaryotes. However, the association of SGO2 with pathological grading and survival in patients with gliomas remains unclear. We analyzed the association between SGO2 expression and clinical outcomes from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset profiles, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). SGO2 mRNA and protein expression in normal brain tissue and glioma cell lines were investigated via quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and IHC staining. The roles of SGO2 in proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of GBM cells were studied with wound-healing assay, BrdU assay, cell cycle analysis, and JC-1 assay. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) was analyzed via Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). SGO2 mRNA expression predicted higher grade gliomas than non-tumor brain tissues. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high-grade gliomas with a higher SGO2 expression had worse survival outcomes. SGO2 mRNA and protein expression were upper regulated in gliomas than in normal brain tissue. Inhibition of SGO2 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Also, PPI result showed SGO2 to be a potential hub protein, which was related to the expression of AURKB and FOXM1. SGO2 expression positively correlates with WHO pathological grading and patient survival, suggesting that SGO2 is a biomarker that is predictive of disease progression in patients with gliomas.

Protective Effects of Polydatin from Grapes and Reynoutria japonica Houtt. on Damaged Macrophages Treated with Acetaminophen

“…Proteomics results showed that the downregulation of Shugoshin 2, a protein involved in cell division and proliferation, inhibited cell proliferation [ 30 ] ( Figure 2 H) after APAP administration. Shugoshin 2 appeared to be downregulated in the cells after APAP administration but appeared upregulated in cells damaged by high-dose APAP with the addition of polydatin, indicating that polydatin may repair cellular damage.…”

High SGO2 predicted poor prognosis and high therapeutic value of lung adenocarcinoma and promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation

“… 14 SGO2 forward, 5′- ATGTGGTGCATGGCCTAAAAA-3′ and reverse, 5′- GGGGTACATATTGGTGATCTGC-3′; GAPDH forward, 5′-GCACCGTCAAGGCTGAGAAC-3′ and reverse, 5′-ATGGTGGTGAAGACGCCAGT-3′. 15 …”

Shugoshin Regulates Cohesin, Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments, and Chromosomal Instability

“…Inhibiting SGO2 could inhibit cell proliferation and migration. SGO2-expression is also positively correlated with the poor prog-nosis of patients with high-grade glioma, indicating that SGO2 can be used as a biomarker to predict the disease progression of glioma [Kao et al, 2021]. SGO1 knockdown also regulates the level and localization of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, which plays a role in cancer, and reduces the mRNA levels of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9, leading to decreased cell invasion, migration, and metastasis.…”