Si nanowire arrays as anodes in Li ion batteries

Abstract

Si nanowires can incorporate large amounts of Li without fracturing and are thus prime candidates for anodes in Li ion batteries. Anodes made from Si nanowires offer a specific capacity per gram more then 10 times larger than the present graphite standard. It is shown how optimized Si nanowire arrays embedded in Cu can be produced in a relatively simple way employing macropore etching in Si followed by chemical etching and Cu galvanic deposition. First tests of these arrays in half‐cells and batteries demonstrated a substantially increased capacity, small irreversible losses and cycle stability. In particular more than 60 charge/discharge cycles could be realized without loss of capacity. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Fabrication and photocatalytic properties of silicon nanowires by metal-assisted chemical etching: effect of H2O2 concentration

“…The realization of the silicon structure, especially the preparation of nanowire arrays, is very significant for the development and production of efficient quantum devices, photoelectric devices, and electronic and optical sensors [11-15]. Various methods have been developed to prepare one-dimensional silicon nanostructures, such as chemical vapor deposition [16], supercritical fluid-liquid–solid synthesis [17], laser ablation [18], thermal evaporation decomposition [19], and other processes.…”

Laser Porosificated Silicon Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

“…Si nanowires withstand the volume expansion and show improved cycling stability. [22][23][24][25] However, their low mass loading and sophisticated preparation makes it difficult to compete with commercially available materials like graphite. [26] Another approach to counteract the destructive volume expansion of Si relies on porous Si.…”

Physikalische Chemie 2010

“…Mit Lithographie und anschließendem elektro‐ und nasschemischen Ätzen wurden aus einem Si‐Wafer Nanodrahtarrays hergestellt, die bis zum Abbruch des Experiments nach etwa 65 Zyklen stabil blieben 2_3. Die massive Siliciumunterlage wurde dabei durch eine dünne Cu‐Schicht, die gleichzeitig die elektrische Leitfähigkeit erhöht, vor Lithiierung geschützt.…”