Siang river in Arunachal Pradesh splits red panda into two phylogenetic species

Joshi, Bheem Dutt; Dalui, Supriyo; Singh, Sujeet Kumar; Mukherjee, Tanoy; Chandra, Kailash; Sharma, Lalit Kumar; Thakur, Mukesh

doi:10.1007/s42991-020-00094-y

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The distribution boundary of the Mishmi subspecies and Bhutan subspecies is the Yalu Zangbu River, as suggested by the genomic evidence. Interestingly, the Yalu Zangbu River is also the boundary between the Himalayan red panda and the Chinese red panda ( Hu et al 2020 ; Joshi et al 2021 ). The distribution boundary of the Himalayan takin and the Chinese takin is most likely the Three Parallel Rivers (Nujiang, Lancangjiang, and Jinshajiang).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Conservation Genomics Reveals Recent Speciation and Local Adaptation in Threatened Takins

Yang

Locke

Zhan

et al. 2022

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Incorrect species delimitation will lead to inappropriate conservation decisions, especially for threatened species. The takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a large artiodactyl endemic to the Himalayan-Hengduan-Qinling Mountains and is well-known as its threatened status and the peculiar appearance. However, the speciation, intraspecies taxonomy, evolutionary history and adaptive evolution of this species still remain unclear, which greatly hampers its scientific conservation. Here, we de novo assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of takin and resequenced genomes of 75 wild takins. Phylogenomics revealed that takin was positioned at the root of Caprinae. Population genomics based on autosome, X chromosome, and Y chromosome SNPs and mitochondrial genomes consistently revealed the existence of two phylogenetic species and recent speciation in takins: the Himalayan takin (B. taxicolor) and the Chinese takin (B. tibetana), with the support of morphological evidence. Two genetically-divergent subspecies were identified in both takin species, rejecting three previously-proposed taxonomical viewpoints. Furthermore, their distribution boundaries were determined, suggesting that large rivers play important roles in shaping the genetic partition. Compared with the other subspecies, the Qinling subspecies presented the lowest genomic diversity, higher linkage disequilibrium, inbreeding and genetic load, thus in urgent need of genetic management and protection. Moreover, the coat color gene (PMEL) variation may be responsible for the adaptive coat color difference between the two species following the Gloger’s rule. Our findings provide novel insights into the recent speciation, local adaptation, scientific conservation of takins, and biogeography of Himalaya-Hengduan biodiversity hotspot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Conservation Genomics Reveals Recent Speciation and Local Adaptation in Threatened Takins

Yang

Locke

Zhan

et al. 2022

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…This flagship species is found exclusively in the moist, temperate, and sub-alpine forests of the Himalaya, at 2,100-4,800 m, stretching from Nepal, India, Bhutan, and southeastern China to Myanmar (Roberts & Gittleman 1984;Choudhury 2001;Mallick 2010a,b;Ghose & Dutta 2011;Dorji et al 2012;Glatston et al 2015;Bista et al 2019;Hu et al 2020). However, a recent genomic study shows that there are two species of Ailurus fulgens, the Himalayan Red Panda (A. fulgens) and the Chinese Red Panda (A. styani) known today rather than subspecies as considered earlier (Hu et al 2020;Joshi et al 2021;Lyon et al 2022). Among the two species, A. fulgens is the nominate species in India (Roberts & Gittleman 1984;Choudhury 2001;Ghose et al 2011;Dorji et al 2012) and it is only found to the west of the Siang River of Arunachal Pradesh in India, and on southern Tibet; whereas, the Chinese Red Panda A. styani is found only to the east of Siang River, in eastern Arunachal Pradesh, India, and in southwestern China (Wei et al 1999;Joshi et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a recent genomic study shows that there are two species of Ailurus fulgens, the Himalayan Red Panda (A. fulgens) and the Chinese Red Panda (A. styani) known today rather than subspecies as considered earlier (Hu et al 2020;Joshi et al 2021;Lyon et al 2022). Among the two species, A. fulgens is the nominate species in India (Roberts & Gittleman 1984;Choudhury 2001;Ghose et al 2011;Dorji et al 2012) and it is only found to the west of the Siang River of Arunachal Pradesh in India, and on southern Tibet; whereas, the Chinese Red Panda A. styani is found only to the east of Siang River, in eastern Arunachal Pradesh, India, and in southwestern China (Wei et al 1999;Joshi et al 2021). In West Bengal, they are only found in the Singalila National Park (SNP) of Darjeeling district and in the Neora Valley National Park (NVNP) of Kalimpong district (Choudhury 2001;Mallick 2010a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying potential habitats of Himalayan Red Panda Ailurus fulgens (Cuvier, 1825) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ailuridae) in Neora Valley National Park, West Bengal, India

Bhutia,

Giri,

Gupta

et al. 2023

J. Threat. Taxa

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The Himalayan Red Panda Ailurus fulgens (Cuvier, 1825) is a globally Endangered species whose population is reported to be declining in the wild. It is a priority species for the Neora Valley National Park (NVNP) since it is the flagship species of this ecosystem. Moreover, this landscape functions as an important connecting link of the Himalayan Red Panda habitat between the state of West Bengal and Sikkim. The spatial habitat of the Himalayan Red Panda in this National Park is little known. Our study attempts to identify the spatial distribution of potential habitats for the Himalayan Red Panda using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt 3.4.1). The model predicted a 55 km2 of potential habitat with the current climate scenario. With climate change, predicted potential habitats are likely to experience significant loss and upward shift to a relatively higher elevation. Hence, the management of the NVNP should identify the potential habitats and accomplish realistic goals to help conserve the Red Pandas.

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Historical genetic diversity and population structure of wild red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) in Nepal

Dueck

Steffens

2022

Mamm Biol

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Siang river in Arunachal Pradesh splits red panda into two phylogenetic species

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Evolutionary Conservation Genomics Reveals Recent Speciation and Local Adaptation in Threatened Takins

Evolutionary Conservation Genomics Reveals Recent Speciation and Local Adaptation in Threatened Takins

Identifying potential habitats of Himalayan Red Panda Ailurus fulgens (Cuvier, 1825) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ailuridae) in Neora Valley National Park, West Bengal, India

Historical genetic diversity and population structure of wild red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) in Nepal

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