Siberian river run-off and Late Quaternary glaciation in the southern Kara Sea, Arctic Ocean: preliminary results

Stein, Ruediger; Niessen, Frank; Dittmers, Klaus; Levitan, M. A.; Schoster, F.; Simstich, Johannes; Steinke, Tatjana; Stepanets, Oleg

doi:10.3402/polar.v21i2.6493

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For the subbottom profiling, the hull-mounted ELAC system of RV ''Akademik Boris Petrov'' (ELAC echograph LAZ 72, HoneywellNautik, Kiel, Germany) was used, which operates at 12 kHz. In 2001 we amplified and plotted the ELAC signal using a GeoAccoustics receiver and Ultra printer 120, respectively (Stein and Stepanets, 2002). Within this study, various proxies were used to characterize the sediment composition and its interpretation in relationship to river discharge: magnetic susceptibility (MS), grain-size distribution, clay-mineral composition, organic carbon data, and palynomorph and diatom abundances.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last glacial maximum (LGM), major parts of the northern Kara Sea were covered by an ice sheet, whereas in the southern Kara Sea the ice front was located along the southern and eastern margin of the Novaya Zemlya Trough, i.e., the southern Kara Sea was probably ice-free (e.g., Svendsen et al, 1999;Polyak et al, 2002a, b;Stein et al, 2002;see Svendsen et al, this volume, for a synthesis). That means, at that time the shallow southern Kara Sea was subaerially exposed due to the lowered glacial sea level ( Fig.…”

Section: Holocene Changes In Sediment Accumulation and Paleoenvironmementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in these parameters reflect changes in porosity and/or sediment composition (Thompson and Oldfield, 1986;Weber et al, 1997). The technical setup of the logging system, as used during ''Akademik Boris Petrov'' expedition in 2001, is described in Stein and Stepanets (2002). For the determination of MS of surface samples, freeze-dried samples were densely packed in 12.5 cm 3 plastic vials and measured using a MS2B sensor, Bartington Ltd, UK (for further information see Niessen and Weiel, 1996).…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic (palaeo) river discharge and environmental change: evidence from the Holocene Kara Sea sedimentary record

STEIN¹

2004

Quaternary Science Reviews

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In this paper, we summarize data on terrigenous sediment supply in the Kara Sea and its accumulation and spatial and temporal variability during Holocene times. Sedimentological, organic-geochemical, and micropaleontological proxies determined in surface sediments allow to characterize the modern (riverine) terrigenous sediment input. AMS-14 C dated sediment cores from the Ob and Yenisei estuaries and the adjacent inner Kara Sea were investigated to determine the terrigenous sediment fluxes and their relationship to paleoenvironmental changes. The variability of sediment fluxes during Holocene times is related to the post-glacial sea-level rise and changes in river discharge and coastal erosion input. Whereas during the late/middle Holocene most of the terrigenous sediments were deposited in the estuaries and the areas directly off the estuaries, huge amounts of sediments accumulated on the Kara Sea shelf farther north during the early Holocene before about 9 Cal. kyr BP. The maximum accumulation at that time is related to the lowered sea level, increased coastal erosion, and increased river discharge. Based on sediment thickness charts, echograph profiles and sediment core data, we estimate an average Holocene (0-11 Cal. kyr BP) annual accumulation of 194 Â 10 6 t yr À1 of total sediment for the whole Kara Sea. Based on late Holocene (modern) sediment accumulation in the estuaries, probably 12 Â 10 6 t yr À1 of riverine suspended matter (i.e., about 30% of the input) may escape the marginal filter on a geological time scale and is transported onto the open Kara Sea shelf. The high-resolution magnetic susceptibility record of a Yenisei core suggests a short-term variability in Siberian climate and river discharge on a frequency of 300-700 yr. This variability may reflect natural cyclic climate variations to be seen in context with the interannual and interdecadal environmental changes recorded in the High Northern Latitudes over the last decades, such as the NAO/AO pattern. A major decrease in MS values starting near 2.5 Cal. kyr BP, being more pronounced during the last about 2 Cal. kyr BP, correlates with a cooling trend over Greenland as indicated in the GISP-2 Ice Core, extended sea-ice cover in the North Atlantic, and advances of glaciers in western Norway. Our still preliminary interpretation of the MS variability has to be proven by further MS records from additional cores as well as other highresolution multi-proxy Arctic climate records. r

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Holocene Changes In Sediment Accumulation and Paleoenvironmementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arctic (palaeo) river discharge and environmental change: evidence from the Holocene Kara Sea sedimentary record

STEIN¹

2004

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…The initial evidence has demonstrated that in general the LGM glacigenic diamicton extends eastwards across the northern Kara Sea, sparing its more southern areas (Polyak, Gataullin et al 2002;Stein et al 2002). However, the relationship of this glacigenic unit with the LGM morainic formation on the northern coast of Taymyr (Alexanderson et al 2001) has remained unclear, especially as the lack of LGM glacial deposits on the major islands of Severnaya Zemlya became evident (Raab et al 2003;Berger et al 2004;Möller et al 2006).…”

Section: Glacial-geological Context In the Barents And Kara Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eastern extent of the Barents-Kara ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum L. Polyak et al In shallow areas of the southern Kara Sea outside the diamicton boundary, Quaternary deposits are largely characterized by a complex seismic reflection pattern, including common discontinuous, hummocky reflectors and prograding structures, as well as multiple channels up to 50 m deep and 5 km wide, both filled and unfilled with sediments (e.g., Fig. 9; Polyak, Gataullin et al 2002;Stein et al 2002;Gataullin et al 2003). This unit, which is up to 100 m thick and is best characterized by sparker records, has been attributed to the propagation of nearshore/prodeltaic facies during the sea-level fall, similar to its stratigraphic counterpart in the Pechora Sea (Gataullin et al 2001).…”

Section: Extra-diamict Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eastern extent of the Barents–Kara ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum based on seismic-reflection data from the eastern Kara Sea

Polyak

Niessen

Gataullin³

et al. 2008

Polar Research

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We present sub‐bottom profiling (sparker and Parasound) results from the eastern Kara Sea, on the Eurasian Arctic margin, which enable the identification of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) ice extent. The analysed profiles show that glacigenic diamicton is ubiquitous at the seafloor, east of about 95°E and 78°N. The eastern margin of this diamicton is expressed in a conspicuous morainic ridge at the entrance to the Vilkitsky Strait, and to the south the diamicton projection aligns with the LGM limit mapped at the north‐western Taymyr. The bottom of the Voronin Trough further north is also covered with diamicton and has numerous erosional bedforms, indicating a streamlined flow of grounded ice along the trough. Accurate dating of the diamicton is not attainable, but the correlation of pre‐diamict sediments to well‐dated sections in the Laptev Sea, and available 14C ages from sediments on top of the diamicton, indicate its LGM age. These results support the palaeogeographic reconstruction that assumes the extension of the LGM Barents–Kara ice sheet as far east as Taymyr. This configuration implies that LGM ice blocked the drainage of the Ob and Yenisey rivers on the Kara shelf. This inference is consistent with the presence of large (>100 km wide) lenses of basin infill adjacent to the southern margin of the diamicton. However, the limited distribution of the eastern Kara ice lobe, not extending on Severnaya Zemlya, suggests that the ice was fairly thin and short‐lived: insufficient for the accumulation of the gigantic proglacial lakes that occurred during earlier glaciations.

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Geophysical constraints on the dynamics and retreat of the Barents Sea ice sheet as a paleobenchmark for models of marine ice sheet deglaciation

Patton

Andreassen

Bjarnadóttir

et al. 2015

Reviews of Geophysics

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Our understanding of processes relating to the retreat of marine‐based ice sheets, such as the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and tidewater‐terminating glaciers in Greenland today, is still limited. In particular, the role of ice stream instabilities and oceanographic dynamics in driving their collapse are poorly constrained beyond observational timescales. Over numerous glaciations during the Quaternary, a marine‐based ice sheet has waxed and waned over the Barents Sea continental shelf, characterized by a number of ice streams that extended to the shelf edge and subsequently collapsed during periods of climate and ocean warming. Increasing availability of offshore and onshore geophysical data over the last decade has significantly enhanced our knowledge of the pattern and timing of retreat of this Barents Sea ice sheet (BSIS), particularly so from its Late Weichselian maximum extent. We present a review of existing geophysical constraints that detail the dynamic evolution of the BSIS through the last glacial cycle, providing numerical modelers and geophysical workers with a benchmark data set with which to tune ice sheet reconstructions and explore ice sheet sensitivities and drivers of dynamic behavior. Although constraining data are generally spatially sporadic across the Barents and Kara Seas, behaviors such as ice sheet thinning, major ice divide migration, asynchronous and rapid flow switching, and ice stream collapses are all evident. Further investigation into the drivers and mechanisms of such dynamics within this unique paleo‐analogue is seen as a key priority for advancing our understanding of marine‐based ice sheet deglaciations, both in the deep past and in the short‐term future.

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Siberian river run-off and Late Quaternary glaciation in the southern Kara Sea, Arctic Ocean: preliminary results

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Arctic (palaeo) river discharge and environmental change: evidence from the Holocene Kara Sea sedimentary record

Arctic (palaeo) river discharge and environmental change: evidence from the Holocene Kara Sea sedimentary record

The eastern extent of the Barents–Kara ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum based on seismic-reflection data from the eastern Kara Sea

Geophysical constraints on the dynamics and retreat of the Barents Sea ice sheet as a paleobenchmark for models of marine ice sheet deglaciation

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