SiC–C Composite as a Highly Stable and Easily Regenerable Photothermal Material for Practical Water Evaporation

Shi, Le; Shi, Yusuf; Li, Renyuan; Chang, Junseok; Zaouri, Noor A.; Ahmed, Elaf; Jin, Yong; Zhang, Chenlin; Zhuo, Sifei; Wang, Peng

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04695

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In order to further understand the performance of LaB 6 ‐MS PTCD, the photothermal conversion efficiency ( η ) was calculated by the following formula

η = Q_{e} true/ Q_{s} = ν \times H_{e} true/ Q_{s},

where Q e is the energy of water evaporation, Q s is the power of the solar illumination (1 kW m −2 ), ν is the water evaporation rate under the solar illumination, which is obtained by subtracting the evaporation rate in the absence of light, and H e is the phase change of liquid to water (about 2260 J g −1 ). The photothermal conversion efficiencies are 60.7%, 64.1%, and 65.9% under 1, 1.5, and 2 kW m −2 solar illumination, respectively (Figure 3F).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water evaporation rate of LaB 6 -MS PTCD in the absence of light, the pure water without LaB 6 -MS PTCD, and the sponge without LaB6 under 1 kW m −2 solar illumination were 0.15, 0.29, and 0.33 kg m −2 h −1 , respectively ( Figure S5), which proves that the presence of LaB 6-MS PTCD greatly enhances the water evaporation performance. In order to further understand the performance of LaB 6 -MS PTCD, the photothermal conversion efficiency (η) was calculated by the following formula 15 where Q e is the energy of water evaporation, Q s is the power of the solar illumination (1 kW m −2 ), ν is the water evaporation rate under the solar illumination, which is obtained by subtracting the evaporation rate in the absence of light, and H e is the phase change of liquid to water (about 2260 J g −1 ). The photothermal conversion efficiencies are 60.7%, 64.1%, and 65.9% under 1, 1.5, and 2 kW m −2 solar illumination, respectively ( Figure 3F).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaporation rate of the water was calculated using the following calculation formula:

ν = dm true/ (S \times dt),

where m (g) represents the mass change of the water under light illumination, S (cm 2 ) represents the evaporation area, and t (s) represents illumination time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A higher water evaporation rate of 1.83 kg m −2 h −1 could be obtained when conductive polymer hollow spheres were fixed in a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel containing hydrophobic silica aerogel microparticles, which proved the superiority and feasibility of the interface heating strategy. Consequently, the photothermal materials are usually deposited or dipped onto the substrates (anodic aluminum oxide membrane, paper, stainless steel mesh, and silicon carbide) with better hydrophilicity, porosity, and low thermal conductivity for increasing the times of reflected light and reducing the heat loss. Furthermore, the path of water and vapor are equally important, which can ensure the continuous transportation of water to the interface and the escape of generated steam in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

et al. 2020

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Solar steam generation has been considered as an effective way to solve the shortage of freshwater resources. In this paper, we have designed an interfacial evaporation device for efficient solar steam generation based on near infrared (NIR)‐absorbing lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) nanoparticles and melamine sponge (MS) as the skeleton. LaB6 nanoparticles as a photothermal conversion material can absorb the NIR light and convert it into heat. Due to the porous 3D network and better hydrophilicity of MS, it can act as a substrate to support the LaB6 dispersed on the surface and transport the water by the capillary force. The evaporation rate of 1.13 kg m−2 h−1 and photothermal conversion efficiency of 60.7% under 1 kW m−2 solar illumination were achieved. Moreover, LaB6‐MS photothermal conversion device (LaB6‐MS PTCD), with excellent chemical stability could purify different water sources such as simulated seawater, strong acid, strong alkaline, and dyed methylene blue solution, exhibiting promising application in highly efficient solar energy‐driven seawater desalination and wastewater purification.

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“…In order to further understand the performance of LaB 6 ‐MS PTCD, the photothermal conversion efficiency ( η ) was calculated by the following formula

η = Q_{e} true/ Q_{s} = ν \times H_{e} true/ Q_{s},

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaporation rate of the water was calculated using the following calculation formula:

ν = dm true/ (S \times dt),

where m (g) represents the mass change of the water under light illumination, S (cm 2 ) represents the evaporation area, and t (s) represents illumination time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

et al. 2020

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“…When salt crystals form and accumulate on solar absorbers' surface, the primary method to remove it is physical cleaning, which refers to simple rinsing and washing. [ 88,93,129–133 ] This method is particularly suited for flexible membrane‐type devices as demonstrated in Figure 11b, [ 111 ] which are easy to clean and do not involve heavy intervention work compared to bulk materials.…”

Section: Salt Rejection Strategies For Long‐term Solar Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Architecting for Salt‐Rejecting Solar Interfacial Desalination to Achieve High‐Performance Evaporation With In Situ Energy Generation

et al. 2020

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requirement has given rise to research thrusts being focused on the development of solar-driven evaporation based desalination technologies. [4][5][6][7] The research on using solar energy in the desalination process has a long history. [3,8,9] In a traditional singleslope basin-like solar still (Figure 1a), saline water is heated and subsequently evaporated by directly exposing to solar radiation. Solar energy is absorbed and converted into thermal energy by a black light-absorbing liner that is situated at the bottom of the solar basin. [10] Due to this design, the solar absorber is immersed in bulk seawater and it hardly receives a fraction of the incoming solar radiation owing to poor light penetration through the thick water layer. Furthermore, the produced heat is easily dissipated into the bulk water, and further lost to the surroundings through water surface radiation, convection and conduction. Due to the above reasons, the resulting solar-tosteam conversion efficiency is inevitably low. Nanoparticle dispersed fluid was then demonstrated to harness solar energy and found to be a great boon to direct water vapor generation. [11,12] A solar conversion efficiency of up to ≈70% can be possibly achieved because heat loss to bulk water is mitigated ( Figure 1b). [13,14] However, research on this advancement didn't last because of the development of solar interfacial heating strategy, which is shown in Figure 1c. The concept of interfacial evaporation was first put forth in 2014 by two reports simultaneously, [15,16] and received a surge of attention and interest immediately in the following years. The most prominent feature of solar interfacial evaporation lies in the position of the solar absorber, which is at the interface between saline liquid and the above air. This special configuration not only minimizes heat loss from the solar absorber to bulk water, but also provides significantly more surface area for prompt vapor release. Also, solar radiation is photothermally localized at the surface of solar absorber, giving rise to high surface temperature, which enables fast heat transfer to water. With it, water transported from reservoir can be heated and evaporated immediately to achieve a higher rate of steam generation. In addition to the differences in heating strategies, it should be noted that all the solar stills follow the same evaporation-condensation route for desalination and clean water collection, and to this end, a similar device structure (e.g., solar still with sloping cover) is usually employed.The past few years have witnessed a rapid development of solar-driven interfacial evaporation, a promising technology for low-cost water desalination. As of today, solar-to-steam conversion efficiencies close to 100% or even beyond the limit are becoming increasingly achievable in virtue of unique photothermal materials and structures. Herein, the cutting-edge approaches are summarized, and their mechanisms for photothermal structure architecting are uncovered in order to achieve ultrahigh conversion e...

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Salt Mitigation Strategies of Solar‐Driven Interfacial Desalination

Wang

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

209

102

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Solar‐driven interfacial desalination (SDID), which is based on localized heating and interfacial evaporation, provides an opportunity for developing environmentally friendly and cost‐effective seawater thermal desalination. However, localized heating and rapidly generated interfacial steam may cause salt to accumulate on the evaporator's surface and block the channel of steam evaporation. Salt accumulation inevitably reduces the light absorption and service period of the solar absorber, resulting in a significant decrease in evaporation efficiency over time. Salt accumulation makes it difficult to produce SDID devices with high energy efficiency and long‐term stability for large‐scale use in remote poverty‐stricken areas. Therefore, the exploration of novel and effective strategies for addressing salt accumulation through both material design and structural engineering has attracted more attention in recent years. This review presents an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art advancements in salt‐resistant photothermal evaporation and discusses the critical issues for achieving salt mitigation SDID, focusing on the classification of salt mitigation strategies based on photothermal evaporation configurations, the basic mechanism of salt mitigation, and the architectural design of photothermal materials. Finally, the important challenges and prospects of SDID are discussed to providing a meaningful roadmap to efficient salt mitigation SDID.

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SiC–C Composite as a Highly Stable and Easily Regenerable Photothermal Material for Practical Water Evaporation

Cited by 45 publications

References 54 publications

Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

Structure Architecting for Salt‐Rejecting Solar Interfacial Desalination to Achieve High‐Performance Evaporation With In Situ Energy Generation

Salt Mitigation Strategies of Solar‐Driven Interfacial Desalination

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SiC–C Composite as a Highly Stable and Easily Regenerable Photothermal Material for Practical Water Evaporation

Cited by 45 publications

References 54 publications

Steam generation by LaB6 nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

Steam generation by LaB6 nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

Structure Architecting for Salt‐Rejecting Solar Interfacial Desalination to Achieve High‐Performance Evaporation With In Situ Energy Generation

Salt Mitigation Strategies of Solar‐Driven Interfacial Desalination

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Product

Resources

About

Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion

Steam generation by LaB₆ nanoparticles through photothermal energy conversion