Sickle Cell Trait, Malaria and Sensorineural Hearing Loss–A Case-Control Study from São Tomé and Príncipe

Caroça, Cristina; Lima, José Pinto de; Campelo, Paula; Carolino, Elisabete; Caria, Helena; Paço, João; Silva, Susana Nunes

doi:10.4172/2161-119x.1000278

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, we expect that this value corresponds to the estimated prevalence of SCT in the whole population between 15 and 49 years in São Tomé e Príncipe. This prevalence is accordant to the previous studies in the country [ 13 – 15 ]. Ranking high in the interval of prevalence found in West Africa [ 2 ], this highlights the need for São Tomé e Príncipe to participate in the regional effort to tackle the disease [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…São Tomé e Príncipe, the archipelagic country in the Gulf of Guinea, still lacks official numbers on carriers and patients. Three previous hospital-based studies point to an SCT prevalence between 13.00% [ 13 ], 14.10% (plus 1.92% of Hemoglobin C) [ 14 ] and 19.40% [ 15 ]. A revision of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease estimated that SCD was the 5th cause of under-five mortality in the country [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sickle cell trait in São Tomé e Príncipe: a population-based prevalence study in women of reproductive age

Queiroz,

Monteiro,

Manco

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Sickle Cell Disorder is Africa’s most prevalent genetic disease. Yet, it remains a neglected condition, with high mortality under-five, and a lack of population-based studies in the region. This is the first of its kind in São Tomé e Príncipe, aiming to estimate the prevalence of sickle cell trait and other haemoglobin variants in women of reproductive age and its associated factors. Methods We conducted a cluster survey in 35 neighbourhoods. Haemoglobin was assessed through point-of-care capillary electrophoresis or high-performance liquid chromatography, and sociodemographic data through questionnaires. The weighted prevalence of sickle cell trait (HbAS) and HbC carriers was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). We calculated weighted prevalence ratios (95% CI) through robust Poisson regression for its association with age and individual and collective genetic heritage. Findings The prevalence of sickle cell trait in women of reproductive age in São Tomé e Príncipe (n = 376) was 13.45% (95% CI: 9.05-19.00). The prevalence of HbC carriers was 8.00% (95% CI: 4.71-12.00). Older age and speaking Forro or Angolar were positively associated with having sickle cell trait. Interpretation The prevalence of sickle cell trait in São Tomé e Príncipe ranks high in the West African region. The country should follow international guidelines, implementing newborn screening and comprehensive healthcare management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sickle cell trait in São Tomé e Príncipe: a population-based prevalence study in women of reproductive age

Queiroz,

Monteiro,

Manco

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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“…They observed that most severe form of hearing impairment (SNHL) was among the HbSS patients; thus, their study could not correlate hearing status with severity of SCT. Caroca and de Lima 31 in São Tomé and Príncipe population observed no increase (control=34 vs test=20 cases) in the proportion of SCT participants with hearing impairment using PTA when compared with HbAA participants, and so they would not conclude that SCT predisposes to the development of hearing impairment. However, their study design was retrospective with multiple confounders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Protocol for a comparative cross-sectional study on characterisation of auditory impairment in sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait and its impact on health-related quality of life in Nigeria

Ibekwe,

Rogers,

Nnodu

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionSickle cell disease (SCD) and sickle cell traits (SCT) are genetically inherited red blood cell disorders common among people of African descent. Nigeria has a high prevalence of SCD, with a prevalence of 2.28%–3% and SCT, 25%–30%. Poorly managed SCD and SCT can lead to sensorineural hearing loss and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) issues. This research aims to assess these possible complications of SCD and SCT in Nigeria.Methods and analysisThe study will use a comparative cross-sectional design at study power 80% to investigate the association between SCD/SCT, hearing impairment and HRQoL. Participants will be divided into two groups: a cohort and a control group. Hearing levels will be assessed through audiometric assessments and categorised by type and severity of hearing impairments using WHO classifications. HRQoL will also be assessed using WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Statistical analyses will be performed using the SAS V.9.4, with parametric or non-parametric analysis depending on the distribution. Relationship between key variables will be determined via correlational tests, χ2, Fisher’s exact test and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe proposal has been fully reviewed and registered by the University of Cape Town’s Faculty of Health Sciences Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC REF 228/2022) and the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/PR/2020/08/007). Information dissemination will be through conferences, peer-review publication and personal communications. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement will be followed in writing the manuscript.

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Sickle Cell Trait, Malaria and Sensorineural Hearing Loss–A Case-Control Study from São Tomé and Príncipe

Abstract: Background: Hearing loss is a problem with higher incidence in South Asia, Asia Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa. In these countries there is also associated history of anemia and malaria.

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Sickle cell trait in São Tomé e Príncipe: a population-based prevalence study in women of reproductive age

Sickle cell trait in São Tomé e Príncipe: a population-based prevalence study in women of reproductive age

Protocol for a comparative cross-sectional study on characterisation of auditory impairment in sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait and its impact on health-related quality of life in Nigeria

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