Sidestream cigarette smoke and cardiac autonomic regulation

Valenti, Vítor Engrácia; Vanderlei, Luiz Carlos Marques; Ferreira, Celso; Fonseca, Fernando L. A.; Oliveira, Fernando Roberto de; Sousa, Fernando Henrique; Rodrigues, Luciano Miller Reis; Monteiro, Carlos Bandeira de Mello; Adami, Fernando; Wajnsztejn, Rubens; Abreu, Luíz Carlos de

doi:10.1186/1755-7682-6-11

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It is believed that these findings may be related to the low level of exposure to cigarette smoke reported in this study compared with other studies in the review by Valenti et al 12 and the study of Felber Dietrich et al 28 In the qualitative analysis, it was observed that 55.9% reported feeling harmed by passive exposure; in addition, 67.6% felt some discomfort or symptoms while inhaling the cigarette smoke. Because no studies were found that qualitatively evaluated the perception of individuals exposed to cigarette smoke, it is believed that this analysis is of great importance to better understand the extent of the damage caused by passive smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 31%

“…12,28 This mechanism is associated with the action of nicotine, present in cigarette smoke, which is responsible for promoting sympathetic activation with the release of catecholamines, which cause acute and chronic cardiovascular effects, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure, in addition to increased oxygen demand and overload in the myocardium. 2,4 SBP ϭ systolic blood pressure DBP ϭ diastolic blood pressure COex ϭ carbon monoxide in exhaled air COHb ϭ carboxyhemoglobin STT ϭ saccharin transit time SDNN ϭ SD of normal to normal breathing frequency intervals, expressed in ms RMSSD ϭ root mean square of successive differences between adjacent normal breathing frequency intervals for a period of time, expressed in ms LF ϭ low frequency nu ϭ normalized unit HF ϭ high frequency SD1 ϭ SD of the instantaneous variability beat to beat SD2 ϭ SD of the long-term variability…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it is believed that mucociliary clearance can be influenced by the action of the autonomic nervous system, which in turn, can also be modified by passive exposure to cigarette smoke. 11 In a literature review, Valenti et al 12 also demonstrated damage to the autonomic nervous system resulting from passive smoking, characterized by increased sympathetic activity and mitigated parasympathetic responses. However, the majority of the results found in this review were from animal studies, which limits the interpretation of the findings in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, the authors concluded that further studies were needed to clarify the alterations in the autonomic nervous system resulting from passive exposure. 12 Given the above, it can be seen that there are still gaps in the knowledge relating to the damage caused by passive smoking on the mucociliary and autonomous systems, especially regarding the influence of the frequency and duration of exposure to cigarette smoke on these systems. 9,10,12 It should be emphasized that despite the intensification of public policies established to reduce the harmful effects of passive smoking, individuals exposed in the home environment continue to be biased and need to be alerted to the potential damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Given the above, it can be seen that there are still gaps in the knowledge relating to the damage caused by passive smoking on the mucociliary and autonomous systems, especially regarding the influence of the frequency and duration of exposure to cigarette smoke on these systems. 9,10,12 It should be emphasized that despite the intensification of public policies established to reduce the harmful effects of passive smoking, individuals exposed in the home environment continue to be biased and need to be alerted to the potential damage. [8][9][10] Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of passive smoking on mucociliary clearance and the autonomic nervous system in adults and to investigate the influence of the frequency and duration of passive exposure on these systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Time and Frequency of Passive Smoking Exposure on Mucociliary Clearance and the Autonomic Nervous System

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: There are still gaps in the knowledge regarding the damage to mucociliary and autonomous systems from passive exposure to cigarette smoke. Also, the influence of the frequency and duration of exposure on these systems is still unclear. The objective of this work was to verify the effects of passive smoking on mucociliary clearance and adult autonomic nervous systems and investigate the influence of frequency and time of passive exposure on these systems. METHODS: 44 smokers (smoking group), 38 passive smokers (passive smoking group), and 38 healthy individuals (control group) were evaluated. Evaluation of lung function was performed. To analyze the autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability data were collected. Hemodynamic parameters were collected. Mucociliary clearance was evaluated using the saccharin transit time test. RESULTS: The passive smoking group presented reduced lung function (P ‫؍‬ .02). Systolic blood pressure was significantly greater in the passive smoking group when compared with the smoking group (P ‫؍‬ .02). The passive smoking group presented significantly slower transportability time than the control group. No differences were observed between the groups for the heart rate variability data. There was a significant correlation (P < .05) between the frequency of exposure and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and FEF 25-75% . Correlation analyses also demonstrated a reduction of global autonomic activity according to exposure load, in addition to a reduction in vagal activity and an increase in sympathetic activity according to exposure frequency. CONCLU-SIONS: Passive smokers presented worse mucociliary clearance, and there was a correlation between passive exposure load and damage to the hemodynamic response, pulmonary function and autonomic nervous system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 31%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Time and Frequency of Passive Smoking Exposure on Mucociliary Clearance and the Autonomic Nervous System

et al. 2015

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Evaluation of globins expression in brain, heart, and lung in rats exposed to side stream cigarette smoke

Tae

Oliveira

Conceição

et al. 2016

Environmental Toxicology

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The side stream cigarette smoke (SSCS) is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoking-induced toxicity. Hemoglobin (Hb), myoglobin (Mb), neuroglobin (Ngb), and cytoglobin (Cygb) are globins with different distributions and functions in the tissues and have similar actions by providing O (oxygen) for respiratory chain, detoxification of ROS and nitric oxide (NO), and protect tissues against irreversible lesions. We aimed to investigate the effects of SSCS exposure on gene and protein expression of Ngb, Cygb, and Mb in different tissue. The Ngb and Cygb gene and protein expression in the cerebral cortex increased after 1 week of rat exposure to SSCS. In hippocampus, the Ngb gene and protein expression increased after 1 week or more of exposure and no change was observed in Cygb gene and protein expression. In myocardium, Mb and Cygb gene expression increased at 1 and 4 weeks of exposure, while protein expression of both increased at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. In lung, observed an increase in Cygb gene and protein expression after 2, 3, and 4 weeks of exposure. The findings suggest that SSCS modulates Ngb, Cygb, and Mb in central and peripheral tissue © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1252-1261, 2017.

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The combined chemical and mechanical modifications of cigarette: a novel methodology to reduce harmful effects

Kollati

Mohapatra

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The present paper aims to valorize the use of cheap agricultural waste materials for polluted water decontamination. An evaluation of the efficiency of coupling anodic oxidation (AO) using SS/PbO2 electrodes with biosorption by Luffa cylindrica (L.C) for the removal of Amaranth Red (E123) from aqueous solution was investigated. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration were studied. The regeneration of L.C was estimated based on biosorption /desorption tests. The performance of the coupling process was evaluated based on the color, chemical organic carbon (COD), Total organic carbon (TOC) removals, the energy consumed, and the time required for the degradation of Amaranth. A comparison between the efficiency of the AO and the coupling process for the increase of the lifetimes of the anodes used was done. 54.1, 97.8, and 99.9% of 50 mg.L -1 of Amaranth were removed respectively after 85, 65, and 50 min by biosorption, AO, and coupling AO with biosorption. An increase in the percentages of COD, TOC, germination indexes (GI), and Amaranth removals were observed when adopting the coupling process. Furthermore, a decrease in the release of Pb 2+ ions was observed confirming the good stability of the elaborated anodes during the coupling process. Atomic absorption analysis showed that the Pb 2+ ions reached about 0.020 mg.L -1 , after the total removal of Amaranth dye (60 min) and 0.051 after (80 min) respectively, for coupling AO with biosorption and the AO process. These values are inferior to those allowed by the Standards. Phytotoxicity tests confirmed the possibility of the reuse of the treated solutions.

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Sidestream cigarette smoke and cardiac autonomic regulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of Time and Frequency of Passive Smoking Exposure on Mucociliary Clearance and the Autonomic Nervous System

Influence of Time and Frequency of Passive Smoking Exposure on Mucociliary Clearance and the Autonomic Nervous System

Evaluation of globins expression in brain, heart, and lung in rats exposed to side stream cigarette smoke

The combined chemical and mechanical modifications of cigarette: a novel methodology to reduce harmful effects

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