Siembra y Cosecha de Agua (SyCA), técnicas ancestrales que solucionan problemas del siglo XXI

Abstract

The rescue of water sowing and harvesting, an ancestral technique, is becoming increasingly popular at the dawn of the 21st century, due to its practicality and efficiency, but above all due to the sustainability principles. Water management is the challenge of the century, given the population growth and the consequent increased demand for water and the anthropic actions that pollute it, with groundwater being an alternative to the problem, and water sowing and harvesting is presented as a solution in different areas of the regional geography. The present work aims to analyze the systems of Water Sowing and Harvesting (SyCA, by its acronym in Spanish) through the study of the different cases in Iberoamerica that configure a mechanism of cooperation and transfer of the rescue of these ancestral techniques. The methodology includes i) matrix of comparative analysis of SyCA techniques and their characteristics, ii) SWOT analysis of the SyCA rescue process through the participation of five international experts, iii) strategies for the sustainability of SyCA processes in Iberoamerican countries. Currently, there are many cases of SyCA in Iberoamerica presenting novel cases, worked by rural communities that have a sustainability approach.

Uma análise das técnicas ancestrais de armazenamento de água em climas secos

“…Existe uma série de vantagens quanto ao uso de técnicas antigas de armazenamento da água: os impactos positivos na natureza, já que se baseiam nas características do ambiente e se adaptam à natureza, e não o oposto; são muito relacionadas à sustentabilidade; é possível realizar essas técnicas por trabalho comunitário (porque muitas vezes os sistemas modernos de armazenamento de água são fruto de decisões políticas que podem não representar os interesses locais); possuem um custo econômico menor do que as técnicas que envolvem engenharia moderna e, por fim, seu uso faz com que lugares que não contam com fornecimento de água tenham acesso a ele (Franco et al, 2020).…”

Design of a Technical-Artisanal Dike for Surface Water Storage and Artificial Recharge of the Manglaralto Coastal Aquifer. Santa Elena Parish, Ecuador

“…The availability of freshwater resources is a challenge for many communities, becoming a scarce good that limits social and economic development [9][10][11]. Ironically, low households in developing countries spend a higher proportion of their income on water than in industrialised countries [12].…”

“…This is because freshwater is not distributed equitably globally, nor the same quantity in the seasons or from one year to another [2,13]. While the scarcity of freshwater resources already limits development and social well-being in many countries [10,[14][15][16], expected world population growth in the coming decades, coupled with growing economic prosperity, will increase water demand and exacerbate these problems [17,18]. Therefore, it is essential to consider an integrality in water management to counteract the its lack [19,20].…”