“…Compared with [24] to [26], the proposed VCO achieves a lower phase noise and wider frequency tuning range in K-band. Meanwhile, compared with the low-frequency VCOs in [11,27,28,29], the FoM and FoM T of the proposed design are much lower, showing better overall performance. Owing to the varactor compensation technique, the variation of K VCO of this design is only 9.1%, which shows better linearity.…”
Section: Measurement Results and Comparisonmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…A stable K VCO avoids drastic changes in loop parameters, thus enabling the stable locking state and low phase noise. As a result, it is desirable to keep the K VCO constant, as well as a better VCO linearity [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13].…”
This letter presents a linear K-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a Gilbert frequency multiplier. Three pairs of varactors form a varactor compensation topology to broaden the linear frequency range and improve the VCO linearity. The varactors are tuned by two control voltages so that the frequency can be tuned in a wide range continuously. A Gilbert cell-based frequency multiplier is implemented to achieve the desired frequency with low phase noise. Fabricated in 0.13 µm CMOS technology, the total area of the proposed VCO is approximately 0.28 mm 2 . This VCO achieves a tuning range of 21.4 to 25 GHz (15.5%), and a linear tuning range between 0.5 V to 1.8 V control voltage, the mismatch of the VCO gain is only 9.1% in the linear tuning range. The output phase noise reaches −75.13 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency and −108.53 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from the 24.2 GHz carrier frequency, respectively.
“…Compared with [24] to [26], the proposed VCO achieves a lower phase noise and wider frequency tuning range in K-band. Meanwhile, compared with the low-frequency VCOs in [11,27,28,29], the FoM and FoM T of the proposed design are much lower, showing better overall performance. Owing to the varactor compensation technique, the variation of K VCO of this design is only 9.1%, which shows better linearity.…”
Section: Measurement Results and Comparisonmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…A stable K VCO avoids drastic changes in loop parameters, thus enabling the stable locking state and low phase noise. As a result, it is desirable to keep the K VCO constant, as well as a better VCO linearity [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13].…”
This letter presents a linear K-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a Gilbert frequency multiplier. Three pairs of varactors form a varactor compensation topology to broaden the linear frequency range and improve the VCO linearity. The varactors are tuned by two control voltages so that the frequency can be tuned in a wide range continuously. A Gilbert cell-based frequency multiplier is implemented to achieve the desired frequency with low phase noise. Fabricated in 0.13 µm CMOS technology, the total area of the proposed VCO is approximately 0.28 mm 2 . This VCO achieves a tuning range of 21.4 to 25 GHz (15.5%), and a linear tuning range between 0.5 V to 1.8 V control voltage, the mismatch of the VCO gain is only 9.1% in the linear tuning range. The output phase noise reaches −75.13 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset frequency and −108.53 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from the 24.2 GHz carrier frequency, respectively.
“…[2][3][4][5][6] In addition, linearity is another key performance specification of VCO. Both phased-locked loops (PLL), [7][8][9][10] and frequency modulated continuouswave (FMCW), [11][12][13][14][15] require high linearity VCOs since gain variations of VCOs directly affect the loop dynamics of the PLL as well as the accuracy of the FMCW. Various techniques have been proposed to improve the linearity of VCOs.…”
A high‐linearity LC‐voltage‐controlled oscillator (LC‐VCO) with combined metal‐oxide semiconductor varactors and bulk‐biased P‐channel metal‐oxide semiconductor varactors in parallel is proposed to reduce the VCO‐gain (KVCO) variation and extend the linear range of the control voltage. Fabricated in a 180‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor process, the proposed topology achieves a low gain variation of less than 6.3% and a tuning range of ~28% operating from 2.31 to 3.06 GHz, corresponding to a linear control voltage range from 0.6 to 1.4 V. The phase noise is measured to be −115.3 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset at 3.06 GHz and the figure of merit (FoM) is −181.2 dBc/Hz. The oscillator occupies an area of 0.93 × 0.54 mm and consumes 1.8 mW from mixed 1.2/1.8 V supply voltage.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.