SIGLECs the Main Self-Pattern Recognition Receptors of the Immune System. A Promising Target for Inflammatory Modulation

Abstract

The existence of a Self-Pattern Recognition Receptor(sPRR) was postulated over 3 decades ago which would recognize and prevent immune response to self-cells covered with Self-Associated Molecular Patterns (SAMP). In the last few years, it has become evident that SAMPS are glycan patterns with end sialylation that activate complement factor H to deamplify the complement pathway and agonize immune resolving sialic acid binding Ig like lectins (Siglecs). The latter resolves inflammation via localized recruitment of a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase which dephosphorylates intracytoplasmic tyrosine kinase dependent activation pathways within immune cells. This mini review will recount the history behind this discovery and explain how SAMP mimetics can be used to therapeutically modulate the immune system.

Comprehensive Ocular and Systemic Safety Evaluation of Polysialic Acid-Decorated Immune Modulating Therapeutic Nanoparticles (PolySia-NPs) to Support Entry into First-in-Human Clinical Trials

“…The promise of obtaining visual gain in patients with geographic atrophy has progressed PolySia-NPs into human clinical trials for the treatment of geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration (GA/AMD) [ 5 , 6 ]. PolySia-NPs represent the first therapeutic sialic acid-coated self-associated molecular pattern (saSAMP) mimetic nanoparticle to enter human trials and has the potential to be a best-in-class therapeutic for GA/AMD.…”