Signaling Functions of Reactive Oxygen Species

Forman, Henry Jay; Maiorino, Matilde; Ursini, Fulvio

doi:10.1021/bi9020378

Cited by 735 publications

(614 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Pathogen-associated molecular patterns of invading microorganisms can activate the TLR pathway, leading to production of ROS for microbicidal activity. Among the produced ROS, H 2 O 2 has weaker reactivity and higher membrane permeability, allowing it to diffuse over long distances (32), thus making H 2 O 2 a suitable signaling molecule (33). H 2 O 2 concentrations are reported to reach mM levels within phagosomes (34) and 10-100 μM in inflammatory environments (35), which would be sufficient to sensitize TRPM2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox signal-mediated sensitization of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) to temperature affects macrophage functions

Kashio

Sokabe²,

Shintaku³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

117

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The ability to sense temperature is essential for organism survival and efficient metabolism. Body temperatures profoundly affect many physiological functions, including immunity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a thermosensitive, Ca 2+ -permeable cation channel expressed in a wide range of immunocytes. TRPM2 is activated by adenosine diphosphate ribose and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), although the activation mechanism by H 2 O 2 is not well understood. Here we report a unique activation mechanism in which H 2 O 2 lowers the temperature threshold for TRPM2 activation, termed “sensitization,” through Met oxidation and adenosine diphosphate ribose production. This sensitization is completely abolished by a single mutation at Met-214, indicating that the temperature threshold of TRPM2 activation is regulated by redox signals that enable channel activity at physiological body temperatures. Loss of TRPM2 attenuates zymosan-evoked macrophage functions, including cytokine release and fever-enhanced phagocytic activity. These findings suggest that redox signals sensitize TRPM2 downstream of NADPH oxidase activity and make TRPM2 active at physiological body temperature, leading to increased cytosolic Ca 2+ concentrations. Our results suggest that TRPM2 sensitization plays important roles in macrophage functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox signal-mediated sensitization of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) to temperature affects macrophage functions

Kashio

Sokabe²,

Shintaku³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

158

117

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“…Hypoxanthine plus xanthine oxidase generates superoxide that quickly dismutates to hydrogen peroxide, the physiological signaling molecule. 25 Arachidonic acid was used to activate the neutrophils because it is elevated in preeclamptic women and stimulates superoxide production by neutrophils. 26 Activated neutrophils were washed before exposure to VSMCs.…”

Section: Vsmc Culture and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 in Systemic Vessels of Preeclamptic Women

Estrada-Gutiérrez

Cappello

Mishra

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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This study was conducted to determine the following: (1) whether matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is increased in systemic vessels of preeclamptic women, (2) whether this increase might be mediated by neutrophils, and (3) whether MMP-1 could be responsible for vascular dysfunction. Omental arteries and plasma were collected from healthy pregnant and preeclamptic women. Omental arteries were evaluated for gene and protein expression of MMP-1, collagen type 1␣, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and vascular reactivity to MMP-1. Gene and protein expression levels were also evaluated in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) co-cultured with activated neutrophils, reactive oxygen species, or tumor necrosis factor ␣. Vessel expression of MMP-1 and circulating MMP-1 levels were increased in preeclamptic women, whereas vascular expression of collagen or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were down-regulated or unchanged. In cultured VSMCs, the imbalance in collagen-regulating genes of preeclamptic vessels was reproduced by treatment with neutrophils, tumor necrosis factor ␣, or reactive oxygen species. Chemotaxis studies with cultured cells revealed that MMP-1 promoted recruitment of neutrophils via vascular smooth muscle release of interleukin-8. Furthermore, MMP-1 induced vasoconstriction via protease-activated receptor-1, whose expression was significantly increased in omental arteries of preeclamptic women and in VSMCs co-cultured with neutrophils. Collectively, these findings disclose a novel role for MMP-1 as a mediator of vasoconstriction and vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia.

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“…This fact is relevant in the cell detoxification process to avoid oxidative damages because it converts potentially dangerous products of the reactive oxygen species (ROSs). The excessive quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) limits plant growth and development through oxidation of lipids of membranes or other molecules (Forman;Maiorino;Ursini, 2010). The concentration of ROSs is maintained at non-toxic levels by means of antioxidant mechanisms to avoid damages (Moller;Jensen;Hansson, 2007), and plants respond to the increase of ROSs with acceleration of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant processes (Alscher, Erturk;Health, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme activity in soybean seeds produced under foliar application of manganese

et al. 2014

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Several factors affect the quality of soybean seeds, including the mineral nutrition of plants. Manganese (Mn) is an important nutrient because it has as one of its functions the enzyme activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate enzyme activity in seeds of soybean cultivars produced with foliar application of different doses of Mn. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) (Federal University of Lavras) in randomized blocks with three replications and 4 x 4 x 2 factorial arrangement consisting of four soybean cultivars, two conventional and its genetically modified RR derived (BRS Celeste and BRS Baliza RR; BRSGO Jataí and BRS Silvânia RR), four doses of Mn via foliar application (0; 200; 400 and 600 g Mn ha -1 ) and two stages of application (R 1 or R 3 ). In the seeds, the expressions of the enzymes esterase (EST), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (PRX) and isocitratelyase (ICL) were determined. For evaluation of physiological quality, the germination test and emergence speed index (ESI) were performed. The Mn content in the seeds was also determined. The expression of the enzymes EST, SOD, PRX and ICL in soybean seeds are affected by foliar application of Mn, regardless of the stages of application. In the seeds of the cultivars that showed better physiological quality, Celeste and Baliza RR, greater expressions of the enzymes ADH and ICL and lower expressions of MDH and of PRX were observed.Index terms: Enzymes, Glycine max, quality, micronutrients. RESUMODiversos fatores afetam a qualidade das sementes de soja, dentre eles a nutrição mineral das plantas. O manganês (Mn) é um nutriente importante por ter como uma de suas funções a ativação enzimática. O objetivo, neste trabalho, foi avaliar a atividade enzimática em sementes de cultivares de soja, produzidas com aplicação foliar de diferentes doses de Mn. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e esquema fatorial 4 x 4 x 2, sendo quatro cultivares de soja, duas convencionais e suas derivadas transgênicas RR (BRS Celeste e BRS Baliza RR; BRSGO Jataí e BRS Silvânia RR), quatro doses de Mn via foliar (0; 200; 400 e 600 g Mn ha -1 ) e dois estádios de aplicação (R 1 ou R 3 ). Nas sementes, foram determinadas as expressões das enzimas esterase (EST), malato desidrogenase (MDH), álcool desidrogenase (ADH), superóxido dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (PRX) e isocitrato liase (ICL). Para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica foram realizados os testes de Germinação e de Índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Determinou-se, também, o teor de Mn nas sementes. A expressão das enzimas EST, SOD, PRX e ICL em sementes de soja são influenciadas pela aplicação de Mn via foliar, independente do estádio de aplicação. Nas sementes das cultivares, as quais apresentaram melhor qualidade fisiológica, Celeste e Baliza RR, foram constatadas maiores expressões das enzimas ADH e ICL e menores expressões de ...

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Signaling Functions of Reactive Oxygen Species

Cited by 735 publications

References 102 publications

Redox signal-mediated sensitization of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) to temperature affects macrophage functions

Redox signal-mediated sensitization of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) to temperature affects macrophage functions

Increased Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 in Systemic Vessels of Preeclamptic Women

Enzyme activity in soybean seeds produced under foliar application of manganese

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