Signals of $W'$ and $Z'$ bosons at the LHC in the $SU(3) \times SO(5) \times U(1)$ gauge-Higgs unification

Abstract

The pp → {W, W } → lν and pp → {γ, Z, Z } → l + l − (l = e, µ) processes in the SU (3) C × SO(5) × U (1) X gauge-Higgs unification (GHU) models are studied, where W and Z bosons are Kaluza-Klein (KK) exited states of the electroweak gauge bosons. From the experimental data collected at the Large Hadron Collider, constraints on the KK mass scale and the Aharonov-Bohm phase are obtained. One can explore the KK mass scale in the GUT inspired GHU model up to 18 TeV for the luminosity 300 fb −1 and 22 TeV for the luminosity 3000 fb −1 at √ s = 14 TeV.

Single Higgs boson production at electron-positron colliders in gauge-Higgs unification

“…The phenomena of the GHU model below the electroweak (EW) scale are very close to those of the SM in a parameter regime that satisfies the current experimental constraints on the Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass m KK ≳ 13 TeV and the AB phase θ H ≲ 0.1 [22,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. The strongest constraints come from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment at √ s = 13 TeV with up to 140 fb −1 data [59-64] by using the Z ′ and W ′ boson search results for the pp → ℓν and pp → ℓ − ℓ + processes [55], where the Z ′ bosons are mixed vector bosons of U (1) X , U (1) L (⊂ SU (2) L ), and U (1) R (⊂ SU (2) R ) and the W ′ bosons are mixed vector bosons of SO(5) W /(U (1) L × U (1) R ).…”

“…The GHU model whose quarks and leptons belong to the spinor representation of SO (5) W can be regarded as a low-energy effective description of the SO (11) GHU model [23][24][25][26][27][28][29], where the SM gauge symmetry SU (3) C × SU (2) L × U (1) Y is embedded in the SO (11) grand unified gauge symmetry [30][31][32][33][34][35] in higher dimensional framework [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. The phenomena of the GHU model below the electroweak (EW) scale are very close to those of the SM in a parameter regime that satisfies the current experimental constraints on the Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass m KK ≳ 13 TeV and the AB phase θ H ≲ 0.1 [22,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58]. The strongest constraints come from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment at √ s = 13 TeV with up to 140 fb −1 data [59-64] by using the Z ′ and W ′ boson search results for the pp → ℓν and pp → ℓ − ℓ + processes [55], where the Z ′ bosons are mixed vector bosons of U (1) X , U (1) L (⊂ SU (2) L ), and U (1) R (⊂ SU (2) R ) and the W ′ bosons are mixed vector bosons of SO(5) W /(U (1) L × U (1) R ).…”

Single Higgs Boson Production at Electron-Positron Colliders in Gauge-Higgs Unification

“…The phenomena of the GHU models below the electroweak (EW) scale are very close to those of the SM [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The gauge coupling constants of quarks and leptons to the Z and W bosons in the GHU model differ by less than 0.1% from the coupling constants in the SM for the parameter region that satisfies the current experiments, i.e., the Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass m KK 13 TeV and the AB phase θ H 0.1 [34]. The gauge coupling constants of the Higgs boson to the W and Z bosons are approximately equal to the corresponding coupling constants in the SM multiplied by cos θ H .…”

“…We pick the values of θ H and m KK = πk(z L − 1) −1 . From the constraints on θ H and m KK from the LHC-Run 2 results in the GHU model [34], we only consider parameters satisfying θ H ≤ 0.10 and m KK ≥ 13 TeV.…”

“…The SU (3) C × SO(5) W × U (1) X GHU models can be roughly classified into two types of models depending on whether the SO(5) W representations of the quarks and the leptons are vector or spinor representations. The GHU model whose fermions belong to the spinor representation of SO (5) W [25,[30][31][32][33][34][35] can be regarded as a low-energy effective description of the GHU model based on the SO (11) grand unified gauge symmetry [37][38][39][40][41][42][43], where the SM gauge symmetry and field content are incorporated into grand unified theory (GUT) [44][45][46][47][48][49] in higher dimensional framework [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. We focus on the spinor type model in this paper.…”