Significance of 18 F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical GLUT-1 expression for cardiac myxoma

Okazaki, Yukio; Yamada, Sohsuke; Kitada, Shohei; Matsunaga, Iwao; Nogami, Eijiro; Watanabe, Teruo; Sasaguri, Yasuyuki; Honma, Yutaka; Itou, Tatsuya

doi:10.1186/1746-1596-9-117

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Histologically, the CM exhibit unique heterogeneous features with myxoma cells scattered in a myxoid stroma. The tumor cells are in single cells, cord-like, pseudo-vascular or vasoformative patterns [42] . The spindle tumor cells without significant atypia surround small blood vessels and scattered lymphoplasmacytic, histiocytic cells, and fibroblastic cells in the myxoma tumor microenvironment ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tumor microenvironment may trigger lymphoproliferation in cardiac myxoma

Jantuan

Chiu

et al. 2021

Translational Oncology

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Highlights Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) in cardiac myxomas (CM) has been occasionally reported, and chronic inflammation in response to viral infection may be the key. CM can upregulate autophagy, creating a favorable environment for Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)-driven oncogenesis. P62 accumulates when autophagy is inhibited, and aberrant excessive p62 may result from autophagy defect, causing oxidative stress and tumorigenesis. NanoString technology is a relatively new method for capturing tumor-immune signaling in tissues exploring how the signaling axis is associated with inflammation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tumor microenvironment may trigger lymphoproliferation in cardiac myxoma

Jantuan

Chiu

et al. 2021

Translational Oncology

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“…On PET-CT imaging, cardiac myxoma can show variable 18 F-FDG uptake. [ 9 13 14 ] Therefore, making a diagnosis just on basis of 18 F-FDG uptake could be fallacious. Contrast-enhanced MRI can be very helpful in such circumstances, as in the present case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Avid Cardiac Mass on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in a Patient with Head-and-Neck Carcinoma

Sharma¹,

Bari

2022

Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine

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High 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) uptake in a cardiac mass is considered to be a marker of malignancy, but that is not always true. We here present such a case of incidentally detected 18 F-FDG cardiac mass on staging positron emission tomography-computed tomography in a woman with head-and-neck cancer, confirmed to be myxoma on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent histopathology.

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“…FDG-PET is taken up into cells by GLUTs on the cell membrane like glucose and is phosphorylated by hexokinase; however, FDG-6-phosphate cannot proceed along the glycolytic pathway and is trapped within the tumor cell and then imaged by PET (41). Many experimental and clinical studies have reported that predominant expression of GLUT1 has been demonstrated in several FDG-PET positive malignant tumors, including malignant melanoma (42), lymphoma (43), breast cancer (44), pancreatic cancer (45), and primary non-small cell lung cancers (46), as well as benign tumors, including salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas (47) and cardiac myxoma (48). Dhaval Patel et al reported that GLUT3 overexpression in cortisol-secreting adrenal adenomas likely accounts for increased PET uptake (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of benign adrenocortical adenomas with 18F-FDG PET accumulation

Ishiwata

Suzuki

Igarashi

et al. 2021

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Introduction: Although 18F-FDG PET was originally developed to evaluate benign and malignant tumors, the frequency of detection of benign adrenocortical adenomas showing FDG-PET accumulation has increased. However, the details of FDG-PET-accumulated benign adrenocortical adenomas have not been elucidated. Methods: To elucidate the pathophysiology of FDG-PET-positive cortisol-producing adrenal tumors, we performed clinicopathological and genetic analyses of adrenocortical adenomas examing FDG-PET in 30 operated patients with unilateral cortisol-producing adrenal tumors (26 adrenal adenomas and 4 adrenal cancers). Results: All adrenocortical carcinomas and 17/26 (65%) benign adrenocortical adenomas showed high FDG accumulation (SUVmax ≥ 3). In adrenocortical adenomas with high FDG accumulation (SUVmax ≥ 3), SUVmax showed a positive correlation with the CT Hounsfield units. A higher SUVmax showed a clear black adenoma appearance with predominantly compact cells, which exhibited high T1 and T2 signals, a lack of signal drop on out-of-phase imaging on MRI, and less accumulation on 131-I adsterol scintigraphy. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis revealed significant increases in the lysosomal and autophagy pathways and metabolic pathways, including glycolysis through glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 and 3, in black adenomas with high-level FDG accumulation. Discussion: A black adenoma is blackish due to lipofuscin, which accumulates as a result of damaged mitochondria or proteins that escape lysosomal degradation or autophagy. Since FDG in PET is taken up via GLUTs, alteration of the intracellular metabolic dynamics associated with mitochondrial damage in black adenomas may increase PET accumulation. Conclusion: Black adrenal adenomas should be considered with adrenal tumors showing PET accumulation and low lipid contents.

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Significance of 18 F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical GLUT-1 expression for cardiac myxoma

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

The tumor microenvironment may trigger lymphoproliferation in cardiac myxoma

The tumor microenvironment may trigger lymphoproliferation in cardiac myxoma

Incidental 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Avid Cardiac Mass on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in a Patient with Head-and-Neck Carcinoma

Characteristics of benign adrenocortical adenomas with 18F-FDG PET accumulation

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