Significance of Chemically Derivatized Starch as Drug Carrier in Developing Novel Drug Delivery Devices

Abstract

Delivery of therapeutics using synthetic polymers is challenging due to toxicity, immunogenicity and impaired bioavailability following administration. However, natural polymers are being explored as safe for their use as a substitute for synthetic polymers. In the past three decades, the biomaterials like starches have been applied to impart an imperative role in delivering therapeutics. Resultantly, there is an increased focus on finding new sources of starches along with their modifications. Hence, derivatization of starches has become a necessity to achieve desired properties. The modifications to native starch systems are being investigated to improve solubility, stability, bioavailability, etc. of an incorporated drug (s) and lower-down induced toxicities. All these requirements have led to the use of modified starches in the drug delivery of bioactive component(s). This review explores the current state of knowledge about starch structure and chemical modification methods in perspectives. It integrates aspects of its use in developing drug delivery devices in the form of tablets, hydrogel, patches. The information provided in this review may be applied as a reference for future chemically modified starch as excipients in drug carrier studies.

Phosphorylation of Alkali Extracted Mandua Starch by STPP/STMP for Improving Digestion Resistibility

“…The toxicity studies of modified mandua starch in terms of acute and sub-acute toxicities in animals indicated its safety for consumption and the phosphorylated mandua starch might be categorized as “Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS)”. The significant resistant ability of modified starch toward digestion in SGF and SIF may be useful similar to other forms of polysaccharides in developing targeted drug delivery system for the colon. , On applying conventional pharmaceutical excipients in such delivery devices, most of the incorporated active pharmaceutical ingredients are released in the stomach and small intestine due to disintegration followed by digestion of drug-carriers. Also, the modified mandua starch may be applied as a novel carrier for developing modified release drug delivery systems.…”

Strategies and Progress of Raman Technologies for Cellular Uptake Analysis of the Drug Delivery Systems

“…NPs used in drug delivery systems can be made from a wide range of materials (Figure 1). [28][29][30][31] Lipid-based NPs, for instance, are spherical structures composed of a lipid bilayer and include different forms, such as liposomes and micelles. 32,33 Solid lipid nanoparticles consist of biodegradable solid lipids, boasting intriguing properties like small size, a large surface area, high drug loading capacity, and the potential for phase interactions at the interface.…”

Ultrasound assisted techniques for starch modification to develop novel drug delivery systems: A comprehensive study

“…Therefore, the alteration of starch becomes crucial to improve its physical and chemical characteristics, expanding its potential for use in drug delivery. 4,5 However, altering starch poses a challenge due to various factors, such as the intricate nature of starch compositions, the challenge in controlling modification patterns and degrees, and the necessity for highly reactive environments. 6 Developing effective and eco-conscious approaches for modifying starch is crucial.…”