Significance of Flavonoids in Plant Resistance and Enhancement of Their Biosynthesis

Treutter, D.

doi:10.1055/s-2005-873009

Cited by 699 publications

(470 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…The goodness of fit between observed and expected segregation data was assessed using the Chi-square (v 2 ) test. Independent linkage maps were constructed for each parent using the double pseudo-testcross mapping strategy (Weeden 1994) by using JoinMap 2.0 software (Stam and Van Ooijen 1995). For both maps, linkage groups were accepted at a LOD threshold of 4.0.…”

Section: Snp Detection and Linkage Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and mapping of a C3′H gene (CYP98A49) from globe artichoke, and its expression upon UV-C stress

et al. 2009

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Globe artichoke represents a natural source of phenolic compounds with dicaffeoylquinic acids along with their biosynthetic precursor chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid) as the predominant molecules. We report the isolation and characterization of a full-length cDNA and promoter of a globe artichoke p-coumaroyl ester 3 0 -hydroxylase (CYP98A49), which is involved in both chlorogenic acid and lignin biosynthesis. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that this gene belongs to the CYP98 family. CYP98A49 was also heterologously expressed in yeast, in order to perform an enzymatic assay with pcoumaroylshikimate and p-coumaroylquinate as substrates. Real Time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that CYP98A49 expression is induced upon exposure to UV-C radiation. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the CYP98A49 gene sequence of two globe artichoke varieties used for genetic mapping allowed the localization of this gene to linkage group 10 within the previously developed maps.

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Section: Snp Detection and Linkage Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and mapping of a C3′H gene (CYP98A49) from globe artichoke, and its expression upon UV-C stress

et al. 2009

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“…(Fig 3a,b) that have high homology to rice NBS-LRR genes Os11gRGA4 and Os11gRGA5, which were shown to interact functionally and physically to mediate resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae (Okuyama et al 2011;Césari et al 2014). Recent studies have verified that inducing plant immunity impacts flavonoid biosynthesis (Ali et al 2011;Serrano et al 2012), and that flavonoid compounds significantly contribute to plant resistance (Treutter 2005;Treutter 2006). Os11gRGA4 was found to be associated with the flavonoid Naringenin O-malonylhexoside ).…”

Section: Maize Pan-transcriptome Plays An Important Role In Regulatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize pan-transcriptome provides novel insights into genome complexity and quantitative trait variation

Jin

Liu

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Variation in gene expression contributes to the diversity of phenotype. The construction of the pan-transcriptome is especially necessary for species with complex genomes, such as maize. However, knowledge of the regulation mechanisms and functional consequences of the pan-transcriptome is limited. In this study, we identified 13,382 nuclear expression presence and absence variation candidates (ePAVs, expressed in 5%~95% lines; based on the reference genome) by re-analyzing the RNA sequencing data from the kernels (15 days after pollination) of 368 maize diverse inbreds. It was estimated that only ~1% of the ePAVs are explained by DNA sequence presence and absence variations (PAV). The ePAV genes tend to be regulated by distant eQTLs when compared with non-ePAV genes (called here core expression genes, expressed in more than 95% lines). When the expression presence/absence status was used as the "genotype" to perform genome-wide association study, 56 (0.42%) ePAVs were significantly associated with 15 agronomic traits and 1,967 (14.74%) with 526 metabolic traits, measured from the mature kernels. While the above was majorly based on the reference genome, by using a modified 'assemble-then-align' strategy, 2,355 high confidence novel sequences with a total length of 1.9Mb were found absent in the current B73 reference genome (v2). Ten randomly selected novel sequences were validated with genomic PCR. A simulation analysis suggested that the pan-transcriptome of the maize whole kernel is approaching a maximum value of 63,000 genes. Two novel validated sequences annotated as NBS_LRR like genes were found to associate with flavonoid content and their homologs in rice were also found to affect flavonoids and disease-resistance. Novel sequences absent in the present reference genome might be functionally important and deserve more attentions. This study provides novel perspectives and resources to discover maize quantitative trait variations and help us to better understand the kernel regulation networks, thus enhancing maize breeding.

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“…For example, some phenolic derivatives can react with pathogen proteins, causing loss of their enzymatic functions thus suppressing pathogen viability (Markakis et al 2010). The flavonoids were described as having antibacterial, antitoxin, antiviral and/or antifungal activities and as being involved in structural defense (Treutter 2005). Characteristic for phenolics is that they express high antioxidant capacity due to which can play a role in cellular processes sensitive to redox effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds, which generally fall into two categories i.e. phenolic acids and flavonoids, are involved in different physiological processes such as development, symbiosis, plant response to environmental stresses including pathogen invasion (Treutter 2005;Cheynier et al 2013). Phenolics might be classified as phytoanticipins because they are constitutively synthesized in plants in anticipation of a pathogen attack (Cheynier et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic profiles in apple leaves and the efficacy of selected phenols against fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)

et al. 2017

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The content and type of phenolic compounds in apple leaves as potential markers of resistance to fire blight were analysed. The amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids were determined before and after E. amylovora inoculation of leaves of two cultivars: 'Enterprise' (highly resistant) and 'Idared' (highly susceptible). The basic levels of phenolics in both cultivars was similar but, following the inoculation, in the resistant one faster and more distinguishable changes were observed. The difference between the cultivars was related to the content of the compounds and the rate of release of free phenols from their glucosides. Regarding age dependency, the levels of eight out of 15 phenolics was significantly higher in young leaves of 'Idaredt han in 'Enterprise'. In the older leaves the differences were limited to four compounds. The amount of salicylic acid in 'Idared' was lower than in 'Enterprise'. In 'Idared' accumulation of salicylate after infection was better pronounced than in 'Enterprise'. Higher levels of naringenin glucosides, 4-hydroxbenzoic acid and gentisic acid were found in 'Enterprise'. The activity of 13 phenolics tested in vitro against the pathogen showed that gallic acid, phloroglucinol, hydroquinone and phloretin, suppressed its growth. The aqueous solutions of gallic acid, phloroglucinol and hydroquinone also significantly limited the development of disease on pear fruitlet slices but only hydroquinone maintained its protective activity for longer time. It also showed very high efficacy in preventing disease spread on apple shoots. The study adds novel information on the contribution of specific phenolics to apple resistance to fire blight.

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Significance of Flavonoids in Plant Resistance and Enhancement of Their Biosynthesis

Cited by 699 publications

References 128 publications

Isolation and mapping of a C3′H gene (CYP98A49) from globe artichoke, and its expression upon UV-C stress

Isolation and mapping of a C3′H gene (CYP98A49) from globe artichoke, and its expression upon UV-C stress

Maize pan-transcriptome provides novel insights into genome complexity and quantitative trait variation

Phenolic profiles in apple leaves and the efficacy of selected phenols against fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)

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