Significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes A to E in a cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis B in the Seine Saint Denis District of Paris (France)

Ganne-Carrié, Nathalie; Williams, Virginie; Kaddouri, Halima; Trinchet, Jean–Claude; Dziri-Mendil, Samira; Alloui, Chakib; Hawajri, Nasser Al; Dény, Paul; Beaugrand, Michel; Gordien, Emmanuel

doi:10.1002/jmv.20545

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This increasing proportion was also observed in our study in patients born in France. Indeed we observed the same results in an study realized in France with a different methodology in nonUniversity centers showing a similar prevalence [17], and two uncontrolled trials performed one in patients living in an area with low socio-economic level [18] and another in a cohort of patients treated in France with lamivudine [19]. Another explanation could be a better knowledge of this form of chronic hepatitis which was previously misdiagnosed as inactive carriage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B in France: Predominant frequency of HBe antigen negative cases

Zarski¹,

Marcellin²,

Leroy³

et al. 2006

Journal of Hepatology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B in France: Predominant frequency of HBe antigen negative cases

Zarski¹,

Marcellin²,

Leroy³

et al. 2006

Journal of Hepatology

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“…The prevalence of anti-HBe seems to be similar for genotypes E and A [45]. Thus, vertical and early horizontal household transmission alone could hardly account for the high seroprevalence that would have developed throughout the HBV genotype E crescent within the estimated last 200 years.…”

Section: Vertical Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…As genotypes E and A co-circulate in Cameroon, mixed infections are frequent (37%) and several A/E recombinations were reported [24,25]. In Europe genotype E has been found in sporadic cases, mostly in African immigrants to countries of the Mediterranean basin [45,46]. Despite its wide geographic spread and high prevalence, genotype E viruses in Africa reveal a surprisingly low genetic diversity.…”

Section: Genotype E In Africamentioning

confidence: 97%

Hepatitis B virus: the genotype E puzzle

Andernach

Hübschen

Muller

2009

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa. One of the two genotypes A and E dominates in most countries. With several subgenotypes and variants, genotype A is more diverse in Africa (4.00%) than in the rest of the world (2.96%), suggesting an African origin and a long history on the continent. Despite the African slave trade, genotype E has only sporadically been found within the Americas, indicating that this genotype was introduced only during the past 200 years into the general African population. A short history for this genotype in Africa is also supported by its conspicuously low genetic diversity (1.75%), which contrasts, however, with its excessively high HBsAg prevalence and its extensive spread throughout the vast West-African genotype E crescent. We discuss the spread and routes of transmission of genotype E and suggest that the distribution and current high prevalence levels of HBV (genotype E) in Africa are the result of the extensive use of unsafe needles, potentially solving the current African genotype E puzzle and shedding new light on the high HBV prevalence in Africa.

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“…Surprisingly, whilst recombinant HBV/D-E strains were found at a rather high prevalence in our sampling, no HBV/ D strain was identified in Niger. This could be due to the small size of our cohort and to the greater severity of the disease linked to HBV/D (Ganne-Carrié et al, 2006;Schaefer, 2007). Indeed, our cohort was composed of healthy blood donors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotype D (D8) strain, resulting from recombination between genotypes D and E, is circulating in Niger along with HBV/E strains

Chekaraou

Brichler

Mansour

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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Niger is a west African country that is highly endemic for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The seroprevalence for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) is about 20 %; however, there are no reports on the molecular epidemiology of HBV strains spreading in Niger. In the present study, HBV isolates from the sera of 58 consecutive, asymptomatic, HBsAg-positive blood donors were characterized. Genotype affiliation was determined by amplification, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the preS1, polymerase/reverse transcriptase (RT/Pol) and precore (preC)/C regions. The first series of results revealed that different genomic fragments clustered with different genotypes on phylogenetic trees, suggesting recombination events. Twenty-four complete genomic sequences were obtained by amplification and sequencing of seven overlapping regions covering the whole genome, and were studied by extensive phylogenetic analysis. Among them, 20 (83.3 %) were classified unequivocally as genotype E (HBV/E). The remaining four (16.7%) clustered on a distinct branch within HBV/D with strong bootstrap and posterior probability values. Complete molecular characterization of these four strains was achieved by the Simplot program, bootscanning analysis and cloning experiments, and enabled us to identify an HBV/D-E recombinant that formed a new HBV/D subgenotype spreading in Niger, tentatively named D8. Moreover, 20 new complete HBV/E nucleotide sequences were determined that exhibited higher genetic variability than is generally described in Africa. One was found to be a recombinant containing HBV/D sequences in the preS2 and RT/Pol regions. Taken together, these data suggest that, in Niger, genetic variability of HBV strains is still evolving, probably reflecting ancient endemic HBV infection. INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health problem, particularly in Africa, although data for precisely estimating the burden of HBV infection are lacking. It is estimated that 2 billion people worldwide are or have been infected with HBV (WHO: http://www.who. int/csr/disease/hepatitis/HepatitisB_whocdscsrlyo2002_2.pdf), among whom over 360 million are in a chronic carrier state with a high risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Ganem & Prince, 2004;Lee et al., 1997;Lok, 2004). About 70-140 million of these carriers live in Africa, and about 250 000 of the 1.3 million HBV-related deaths recorded each year throughout the world occur in Africa (Andernach et al., 2009;Hubschen et al., 2008;Kramvis & Kew, 2007;Kramvis et al., 2002;Mulders et al., 2004). HBV belongs to the family Hepadnaviridae and is characterized by a partially double-stranded circular DNA genome of 3These authors contributed equally to this work.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the sequences determined in this study are FN594748-FN594771.A supplementary list of additional GenBank sequences used in this study is available with the online version of this paper. RESULTS Nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analysesSeveral nucleot...

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Significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes A to E in a cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis B in the Seine Saint Denis District of Paris (France)

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B in France: Predominant frequency of HBe antigen negative cases

Characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B in France: Predominant frequency of HBe antigen negative cases

Hepatitis B virus: the genotype E puzzle

A novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotype D (D8) strain, resulting from recombination between genotypes D and E, is circulating in Niger along with HBV/E strains

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