Significance of landcover transformations and the fuelwood supply potentials of the biomass in the catchment of an Indian metropolis

Unni, Norknt; Naidu, K. S. Murthy; Kumar, K. Satish

doi:10.1080/014311600750019886

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In Nepal, Upadhyay et al (2005) attribute the loss of carbon through land-use change to fuelwood consumption and soil erosion, and Awasthi et al (2003) suggest that fuelwood harvest at high elevations of Himalayan India may not be sustainable. On the other hand, Unni et al (2000) found that fuelwood harvest within a 100-km radius of two cities showed both conversion of natural ecosystems to managed ones and the reverse, with no obvious net reduction in biomass. They inferred that the demand for fuelwood on forest and nonforest biomass was not great enough to degrade biomass.…”

Section: Emissions From Land-use Change (Luc)mentioning

confidence: 96%

The carbon budget of South Asia

Patra¹,

Canadell²,

Houghton³

et al. 2012

Preprint

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The source and sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) due to anthropogenic and natural biospheric activities were estimated for the South Asia region (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka). Flux estimates were based on top-down methods that use inversions of atmospheric data, and bottom-up methods that use field observations, satellite data, and terrestrial ecosystem models. Based on atmospheric CO2 inversions, the net biospheric CO2 flux in South Asia (equivalent to the Net Biome Productivity, NBP) was a sink, estimated at −104 ± 150 Tg C yr−1 during 2007–2008. Based on the bottom-up approach, the net biospheric CO2 flux is estimated to be −191 ± 193 Tg C yr−1 during the period of 2000–2009. This last net flux results from the following flux components: (1) the Net Ecosystem Productivity, NEP (net primary production minus heterotrophic respiration) of −220 ± 186 Tg C yr−1 (2) the annual net carbon flux from land-use change of −14 ± 50 Tg C yr−1, which resulted from a sink of −16 Tg C yr−1 due to the establishment of tree plantations and wood harvest, and a source of 2 Tg C yr−1 due to the expansion of croplands; (3) the riverine export flux from terrestrial ecosystems to the coastal oceans of +42.9 Tg C yr−1; and (4) the net CO2 emission due to biomass burning of +44.1 ± 13.7 Tg C yr−1. Including the emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels of 444 Tg C yr−1 for the decades of 2000s, we estimate a net CO2 land-to-atmosphere flux of 297 Tg C yr−1. In addition to CO2, a fraction of the sequestered carbon in terrestrial ecosystems is released to the atmosphere as CH4. Based on bottom-up and top-down estimates, and chemistry-transport modeling, we estimate that 37 ± 3.7 Tg C-CH4 yr−1 were released to atmosphere from South Asia during the 2000s. Taking all CO2 and CH4 fluxes together, our best estimate of the net land-to-atmosphere CO2-equivalent flux is a net source of 334 Tg C yr−1 for the South Asia region during the 2000s. If CH4 emissions are weighted by radiative forcing of molecular CH4, the total CO2-equivalent flux increases to 1148 Tg C yr−1 suggesting there is great potential of reducing CH4 emissions for stabilizing greenhouse g...

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Section: Emissions From Land-use Change (Luc)mentioning

confidence: 96%

The carbon budget of South Asia

Patra¹,

Canadell²,

Houghton³

et al. 2012

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, Unni et al (2000) found that fuelwood harvest within a 100-km radius of two cities showed both conversion of natural ecosystems to managed ones and the reverse, with no obvious net reduction in biomass. They inferred that the demand for fuelwood on forest and nonforest biomass was not great enough to degrade biomass.…”

Section: Emissions From Land-use Change (Luc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon budget of South Asia

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The source and sinks of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) due to anthropogenic and natural biospheric activities were estimated for the South Asian region (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka). Flux estimates were based on top-down methods that use inversions of atmospheric data, and bottom-up methods that use field observations, satellite data, and terrestrial ecosystem models. Based on atmospheric CO 2 inversions, the net biospheric CO 2 flux in South Asia (equivalent to the Net Biome Productivity, NBP) was a sink, estimated at −104 ± 150 Tg C yr −1 during [2007][2008]. Based on the bottom-up approach, the net biospheric CO 2 flux is estimated to be −191 ± 193 Tg C yr −1 during the period of 2000-2009. This last net flux results from the following flux components: (1) the Net Ecosystem Productivity, NEP (net primary production minus heterotrophic respiration) of −220 ± 186 Tg C yr −1 (2) the annual net carbon flux from land-use change of −14 ± 50 Tg C yr −1 , which resulted from a sink of −16 Tg C yr −1 due to the establishment of tree plantations and wood harvest, and a source of 2 Tg C yr −1 due to the expansion of croplands; (3) the riverine export flux from terrestrial ecosystems to the coastal oceans of +42.9 Tg C yr −1 ; and (4) the net CO 2 emission due to biomass burning of +44.1 ± 13.7 Tg C yr −1 . Including the emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels of 444 Tg C yr −1 for the 2000s, we estimate a net CO 2 landatmosphere flux of 297 Tg C yr −1 . In addition to CO 2 , a fraction of the sequestered carbon in terrestrial ecosystems is released to the atmosphere as CH 4 . Based on bottom-up and top-down estimates, and chemistry-transport modeling, we estimate that 37 ± 3.7 Tg C-CH 4 yr −1 were released to atmosphere from South Asia during the 2000s. Taking all CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes together, our best estimate of the net land-atmosphere CO 2 -equivalent flux is a net source of 334 Tg C yr −1 for the South Asian region during the 2000s. If CH 4 emissions are weighted by radiative forcing of molecular CH 4 , the total CO 2 -equivalent flux increases to 1148 Tg C yr −1 suggesting there is great potential of reducing CH 4 emissions for stabilizing greenhouse gases concentrations.

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“…where C e,i,j,t is the net amount of carbon sequestered in year t from event e applied in unit (i, j). C e,i,j,t can be computed either experimentally (Bhadwal and Singh [4]) or using some allometric relations (Unni et al [42]).…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Land-Use Management Problem

Deb¹,

Datta²,

Fonseca³

et al. 2007

IJCIR

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Due to increasing population, and human activities on land to meet various demands, land uses are being continuously changed without a clear and logical planning with any attention to their long term environmental impacts. Thus affecting the natural balance of the environment, in the form of global warming, soil degradation, loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution, and so on. Hence, it has become urgent need to manage land uses scientifically to safeguard the environment from being further destroyed. Owing to the difficulty of deploying field experiments for direct assessment, mechanistic models are needed to be developed for improving the understanding of the overall impact from various land uses. However, very little work has been done so far in this area. Hence, NSGA-II-LUM, a spatial-GIS based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, has been developed for three objective functions: maximization of economic return, maximization of carbon sequestration and minimization of soil erosion, where the latter two are burning topics to today's researchers as the remedies to global warming and soil degradation. The success of NSGA-II-LUM has been presented through its application to a Mediterranean landscape from Southern Portugal.

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Significance of landcover transformations and the fuelwood supply potentials of the biomass in the catchment of an Indian metropolis

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

The carbon budget of South Asia

The carbon budget of South Asia

The carbon budget of South Asia

Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Land-Use Management Problem

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