Significance of nanoparticle’s radius, heat flux due to concentration gradient, and mass flux due to temperature gradient: The case of Water conveying copper nanoparticles

Abstract

The performance of copper selenide and effectiveness of chemical catalytic reactors are dependent on an inclined magnetic field, the nature of the chemical reaction, introduction of space heat source, changes in both distributions of temperature and concentration of nanofluids. This report presents the significance of increasing radius of nanoparticles, energy flux due to the concentration gradient, and mass flux due to the temperature gradient in the dynamics of the fluid subject to inclined magnetic strength is presented. The non-dimensionalization and parameterization of the dimensional governing equation were obtained by introducing suitable similarity variables. Thereafter, the numerical solutions were obtained through shooting techniques together with 4th order Runge–Kutta Scheme and MATLAB in-built package. It was concluded that at all the levels of energy flux due to concentration gradient, reduction in the viscosity of water-based nanofluid due to a higher radius of copper nanoparticles causes an enhancement of the velocity. The emergence of both energy flux and mass flux due to gradients in concentration and temperature affect the distribution of temperature and concentration at the free stream.

Insight into the Significance of Hall Current and Joule Heating on the Dynamics of Darcy–Forchheimer Peristaltic Flow of Rabinowitsch Fluid

“…where σ is the electric conductivity, e can be defined as the electron charge, n c represents the number density of free electrons, and 1/en c is defined as the Hall factor. According to Arora [14] as well as Hayat et al [19,20], the equation of the energy thermal radiation and Dufour effects is represented as follows:…”

“…where a 0 is the wave amplitude, λ is the wave length, and kt/R 1 is the wave speed. e convective boundary conditions with partial slip for the considered flow analysis [20,30] can be listed as follows:…”

“…On the contrary, it is inconvenient to incorporate these impacts in the case of the non-Newtonian fluids, as shown by Hayat et al [19]. Shah et al [20] examined the significance of nanoparticle's radius, heat flux due to concentration gradient, and mass flux due to temperature gradient in the case of water conveying copper nanoparticles. ey discussed the influence of heat flux due to concentration gradient, and mass flux due to temperature gradient.…”

Numerical modeling on hybrid nanofluid (Fe3O4+MWCNT/H2O) migration considering MHD effect over a porous cylinder

“…The free convection happens due to the buoyancy-driven forces which emerge because of the distinction in temperature gradients and densities inside the liquid. The convective heat energy transfer has been remained an attractive research field because of its wide scope of uses in engineering and industry, Sowmya et al [1], Nehad Ali Shah et al [2], Kassai et al [3]. The application of an external magnetic field changes the liquid flow shape.…”

Forward Roll Coating of a Williamson’s Material onto a Moving Web: A Theoretical Study

“…Abegunrin and Animasaun [2] studied the motion of non-Newtonian Williamson fluid over an upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution due to partial slip and buoyancy. Shah et al [3] signified the water base nanoparticle's radius, heat flux due to concentration gradient, and mass flux due to the temperature gradient. Animasaun and Omowaye [4] studied the upper-convected Maxwell fluid flow with variable thermophysical properties over a melting surface situated in a hot environment subject to thermal stratification.…”