Significance of Serum S100 Release After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Jönsson, Henrik; Johnsson, Per; Alling, Christer; Westaby, Stephen; Blomquist, Sten

doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(98)00229-x

Cited by 103 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, a marker for astroglial cell damage may indirectly reflect neuronal damage. [17][18][19] Because of the estimated biological half-life of Ϸ2 hours, 23 constantly elevated levels of S-100 in patients with documented brain damage, as observed in the present study, may reflect a continuous release from damaged tissue. At 48 hours after cardiac arrest, all patients with S-100 levels of Ͼ1.1 g/L were subsequently diagnosed in the present study as having brain damage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…[13][14][15][16] Recently, S-100 has been found to be a promising marker for central nervous system injury. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Protein S-100 is part of a large family of calcium-binding proteins, and evidence exists that S-100 regulates calciumdependent cellular signaling in neuronal differentiation, outgrowth, and apoptosis through different concentrations. [25][26][27][28][29] Elevated serum levels of S-100 have been documented in patients suffering from different types of brain damage, including stroke, minor and severe head injury, and brain damage associated with extracorporeal circulation and later stages of global cerebral ischemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27][28][29] Elevated serum levels of S-100 have been documented in patients suffering from different types of brain damage, including stroke, minor and severe head injury, and brain damage associated with extracorporeal circulation and later stages of global cerebral ischemia. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] No data are available, however, concerning serum levels of S-100 during the early phase after global cerebral ischemia from cardiocirculatory arrest in humans. In an attempt to find an early marker of hypoxic brain damage and outcome, we investigated the serum levels of astroglial protein S-100 during CPR and after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).…”

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Astroglial Protein S-100 Is an Early and Sensitive Marker of Hypoxic Brain Damage and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Humans

et al. 2001

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Background-The results of early conventional tests do not correlate with cerebral outcome after cardiac arrest. We investigated the serum levels of astroglial protein S-100 as an early marker of brain damage and outcome after cardiac arrest. Methods and Results-In 66 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation after nontraumatic cardiac arrest, blood samples for the evaluation of S-100 were drawn immediately after and 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes; 2, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours; and 7 days after initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Moreover, the serum levels of neuron-specific enolase were determined between 2 hours and 7 days. If patients survived for Ͼ48 hours, brain damage was assessed by a combination of neurological, cranial CT, and electrophysiological examinations. Overall, 343 blood samples were taken for the determination of S-100. Maximum S-100 levels within 2 hours after cardiac arrest were significantly higher in patients with documented brain damage (survivors and nonsurvivors, 3.70Ϯ0.77 g/L) than in patients without brain damage (0.90Ϯ0.29 g/L). Significant differences between these 2 groups were observed from 30 minutes until 7 days after cardiac arrest. In addition, the positive predictive value of the S-100 test at 24 hours for fatal outcome within 14 days was 87%, and the negative predictive value was 100% (PϽ0.001). With regard to neuron-specific enolase, significant differences between patients with documented brain damage and those with no brain damage were found at 24, 48, and 72 hours and 7 days. Conclusions-Astroglial protein S-100 is an early and sensitive marker of hypoxic brain damage and short-term outcome after cardiac arrest in humans.

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Astroglial Protein S-100 Is an Early and Sensitive Marker of Hypoxic Brain Damage and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Humans

et al. 2001

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“…He developed progressive neurological abnormalities 2 weeks after the operation. Hypertensive challenges are used experimentally to open the blood±brain barrier [13] and the postoperative increase in serum NTP S-100 may reflect increased barrier permeability, but NTP S-100 remained high for 6 weeks and suggests that the prolonged late increase in this patient reflects true cerebral damage [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve tissue protein S‐100 and neurone‐specific enolase concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and blood during carotid endarterectomy

Gao¹,

Harris

Sapsed-Byrne³

et al. 2000

Anaesthesia

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Nerve tissue protein S‐100 and neurone‐specific enolase levels in serum were studied in 10 patients before, during and for 2 days after elective carotid endarterectomy performed under general anaesthesia and using a Javid Shunt. In six patients, simultaneous cerebrospinal fluid samples were also obtained. Serum nerve tissue protein S‐100 was normal throughout the operation, but in one patient with severe hypertension, levels increased to 1.38 µg.l−1 at 1 h postoperatively. Two patients showed an increase in cerebrospinal fluid nerve tissue protein S‐100 during clamping: these patients also had neurological deficits at 6 months. Serum neurone‐specific enolase increased from 5.8 to 9.3 µg.l−1 during shunting while cerebrospinal fluid neurone‐specific enolase did not change. Uncomplicated carotid endarterectomy does not produce cerebral damage as measured by serum nerve tissue protein S‐100; cerebrospinal fluid nerve tissue protein S‐100 may be more sensitive for minor cerebral damage. Neurone‐specific enolase appeared to be nonspecific. The lack of correlation between the neuroproteins may need to be explained before relying on these simple assays as diagnostic indicators of cerebral ischaemia.

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“…S-100ß subunits are present in glial and Schwann cells and, recently, elevated levels have been detected after cardiac operations complicated by neurological injury. 4,5 The appearance of S-100ß in serum indicates both neuronal damage and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. 6 Neuropsychological testing is one of the best methods currently available for assessing changes in intellectual function after a cerebral insult and has identified persistent mild, moderate or severe deterioration in 19% to 38% of patients who undergo CPB.…”

Section: Ficativement éLevés Dans Le Groupe P De Notre éTude Aucune mentioning

confidence: 99%

Propofol offers no advantage over isoflurane anesthesia for cerebral protection during cardiopulmonary bypass: a preliminary study of S-100ß protein levels

Kanbak

Saricaoglu

Avci

et al. 2004

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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P Pu ur rp po os se e: : Despite advances in anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and surgical techniques, cerebral injury remains a major source of morbidity after cardiac surgery. We compared the effects of two different anesthetic techniques, isoflurane vs propofol on neurological outcome by serum S-100ß protein and neuropsychological tests after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).M Me et th ho od ds s: : Twenty patients undergoing CABG, randomly allocated into two groups, were enrolled in this prospective, controlled, preliminary study. Isoflurane was used in group I and propofol in group P. Neurological examination and a neuropsychologic test battery consisting of the mini mental state examination (MMSET) and the visual aural digit span test (VADST) were obtained preoperatively and on the third and sixth postoperative days. Blood samples for analysis of S-100ß protein were collected before anesthesia (T1), after heparinization (T2), 15 min into CPB (T3), after CPB (T4) and at the 24 th hr postoperatively (T5).R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Postoperative neurological examinations of the patients were normal. VADST performance declined significantly on the third day (P < 0.05) in both groups, and there were no significant differences on VADST and MMSET scores between the two groups. In group P, S-100ß protein levels increased significantly at T3 and T4 compared to preoperative and isoflurane levels (P < 0.05).C Co on nc cl lu us si io on ns s: : Despite reports about the neuroprotective effects of propofol, S-100ß protein levels were significantly elevated in group P. Although there was no deterioration in neuropsychological outcome, propofol appeared to offer no advantage over isoflurane for cerebral protection during CPB in this preliminary study of 20 patients. C Ca ar rd di io ot th ho or ra ac ci ic c A An ne es st th he es si ia a, , R Re es sp pi ir ra at ti io on n a an nd d A Ai ir rw wa ay y Propofol offers no advantage over isoflurane anesthesia for cerebral protection during cardiopulmonary bypass: a preliminary study of S-100ß protein levels [L'anesthésie au propofol, comparé à l'isoflurane, n'a Objectif : Malgré les progrès de l'anesthésie, la circulation extracorporelle (CEC) et les techniques chirurgicales, les lésions cérébrales demeurent une importante source de morbidité postchirurgie cardiaque. Les effets neurologiques comparés de l'isoflurane et du propofol sont présentés par l'analyse des protéines sériques S-100ß et des test neuropsychologiques après un pontage aortocoronarien (PAC). Méthode : Notre étude préliminaire, prospective et contrôlée a porté sur 20 patients, répartis au hasard en deux groupes, qui devaient subir un PAC. L'isoflurane a été utilisé dans le groupe I et le propofol dans le groupe P. L'examen neurologique et une batterie de tests neuropsychologiques, comprenant le mini-examen de l'état mental (MMSET pour mini mental state examination) et le test visuel et auditif de mémoire des chiffres (VADST pour visual aural digit span test), ont été réalisés avant l'opérat...

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Significance of Serum S100 Release After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Cited by 103 publications

References 19 publications

Astroglial Protein S-100 Is an Early and Sensitive Marker of Hypoxic Brain Damage and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Humans

Astroglial Protein S-100 Is an Early and Sensitive Marker of Hypoxic Brain Damage and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Humans

Nerve tissue protein S‐100 and neurone‐specific enolase concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and blood during carotid endarterectomy

Propofol offers no advantage over isoflurane anesthesia for cerebral protection during cardiopulmonary bypass: a preliminary study of S-100ß protein levels

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