Significance of Tests for Petroleum Products

Increased need for energy resources, as well as the urgent need to improve the air quality, have prompted further research to meet these challenges. Great efforts have been directed to reducing the impact of exhaust emissions. In literature, the effect of blending dimethyl carbonate (DMC) into fuel on engine performance and exhaust emissions has been investigated, and the obtained results were promising in decreasing exhaust emissions. In the present work, the effect of blending DMC into gasoline on the physicochemical properties was studied. Six fuel blends were prepared by blending base gasoline (G) with (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) of DMC. The volatility characteristics of the fuel blends were studied, such as the distillation curve, vapor pressure, and driveability index. The octane rating and the physicochemical properties of the fuel blends were also studied. The results of the study showed interesting findings that encourage refineries to be interested in this promising fuel additive. The results showed that the addition of DMC to gasoline has a very slight effect on the volatility of gasoline, unlike other oxygenated additives like short chain alcohols which cause a significant increase in the fuel volatility. The addition of DMC to gasoline causes an insignificant increase in the vapor pressure as the addition of 10% of DMC increases the vapor pressure by 2 kPa while it does not affect the values of T10, T50, and T90, which are the most important parameters of the distillation curve. The results also showed that its addition causes a remarkable increase in the octane rating. The RON has increased for the G-10DMC blend by about 5 points making the DMC a promising octane booster.

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Synergistic Application of Four Remedial Techniques at an Industrial Site

Dasch

Abdul

Devi

et al. 1997

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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The soil and ground water at a General Motors plant site were contaminated with petroleum products from leaking underground storage tanks. Based on the initial assessment, the site was complex from the standpoint of geology (clay layers), hydrology (a recharge zone with a perched water table), and contaminant (approximately 4800 gallons of mixed gasoline and oil). After a thorough study of remedial alternatives, a synergistic remedial approach was adopted including pump and treat, product removal, vapor extraction, and bioventing. The system was designed and implemented at the site through 22 dual‐extraction wells. Over a 21‐month period, 4400 gallons of gasoline and oil were removed from the system, including 59 percent by vapor extraction, 28 percent by bioventing, and 13 percent by pump and treat. Synergism between the various remedial methods was demonstrated clearly. Ground water pump and treat lowered the water table, allowing air to flow for vapor extraction. The vacuum applied for vapor extraction increased the ground water removal rate and the efficiency of pump and treat. The vapor extraction system also added oxygen to the soil to stimulate aerobic biodegradation.

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Significance of Tests for Petroleum Products

Abstract: Description This 20 year report includes valuable information for those concerned with protecting wire and wire products from the ravages of atmospheric exposure. Contains 28 tables, 36 graphs and 14 illustrations.

Cited by 15 publications

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Effects of minor constituents on cold flow properties and performance of biodiesel☆

Effects of minor constituents on cold flow properties and performance of biodiesel☆

Volatility criteria and physicochemical properties of the promising dimethyl carbonate-gasoline blends

Synergistic Application of Four Remedial Techniques at an Industrial Site

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