The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) make up a great group of drugs that provide benefits in the prevention of cancers. Coordinated metal ions with NSAIDs provide advantages over the drugs themselves. The metal complexes of NSAIDs display a range of biological activities quite often inaccessible to the original NSAID ligands. NSAIDs-metal complexes have molecular properties different from those of the parent drugs. Thus, if a given NSAIDs-metal complex remains intact in the biological medium its biological target is [a] She is now a Postdoctoral Fellow of the National Scholarships Foundation of Greece-Siemens program with a fellowship of excellence. Her research interests are mainly focused on bioinorganic chemistry and particularly on the evaluation of the anticancer properties of metal complexes by studying their interaction with intracellular molecules. Sotiris K. Hadjikakou was born in Famagusta, Cyprus. He graduated from the Chemistry 3049 dentate, bidentate, or bridge ligands in polynuclear complexes.Compounds of NSAIDs with biometals exhibit better pharmacological activity than free NSAIDs. [11] The structural characteristics, medicinal/veterinary properties, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity [SOD is an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide (O 2 -) radical into both ordinary molecular oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), thus being involved in the inflammation mechanism], anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenic effects of Cu-NSAIDs have also been reviewed. [5] The review concluded that the mode of action of the Cu-NSAIDs is similar to that of the traditional NSAIDs and the complexes reduced gastrointestinal toxicity. Moreover, the stabilities of Cu-NSAIDs complexes are a critical determinant of their activity and toxicity. [5] This review summarizes the complexes of NSAIDs: (i) acetylsalicylic acid, diflunisal, salicylic acid (salicylic acid derivatives, Scheme 1), (ii) diclofenac, indometacin, sulindac, tolmetin (arylalkanoic acid derivatives, Scheme 2), (iii) ibuprofen, ketoprofen, Scheme 1. Salicylic acid derivatives.Scheme 2. Arylalkanoic acid derivatives.
MicroreviewScheme 3. Arylpropionic acid derivatives (profens).Scheme 4. N-Arylanthranilic acid (fenamic acids).
3050Scheme 5. Other acid derivatives.Scheme 6. Oxicams.
MicroreviewScheme 7. Aniline and p-aminophenol derivatives.Scheme 8. Sulfonamides.
Discussion
Metal Complexes of NSAIDs Exhibiting Anti-Inflammatory or Analgesic ActivityMn II -, Fe II -, Co II -, Ni II -, and Zn II -Schiff base complexes that contain anthranilic acid and aldoses in the Schiff base component are four-coordinate in the anhydrous state with the general formula ML 2 [M = Mn II (1), Fe II (2), Co II (3), Ni II (4), and Zn II (5), Scheme 9]. They were tested for their in vivo biological activities. The stability of the complexes in DMSO solution was confirmed by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The relative toxicities of the metal complexes were determined with albino Wistar male rats; the LD 50 values followed the trend Ni < Mn < Co < Fe < Zn, w...