Significant mid-latitude aridity in the middle Miocene of East Asia

Liu, Liping; Eronen, Jussi T.; Fortelius, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.05.014

Cited by 81 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…7b) demonstrates a more zonal distributed (planetary-like) mid-latitude aridity in the Tortonian. This confirms the studies by L. P. Liu et al (2009) and Y. S. Liu et al (2011) based on mammal and plant fossil records, and supports the onset of summer monsoon climate in N-China in the Late Miocene (e.g. An et al, 2001) rather than the Early Miocene (e.g.…”

Section: E-asian Summer Monsoonsupporting

confidence: 89%

Regional climate model experiments to investigate the Asian monsoon in the Late Miocene

2011

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Abstract. The Late Miocene (11.6-5.3 Ma) is a crucial period in the history of the Asian monsoon. Significant changes in the Asian climate regime have been documented for this period, which saw the formation of the modern Asian monsoon system. However, the spatiotemporal structure of these changes is still ambiguous, and the associated mechanisms are debated. Here, we present a simulation of the average state of the Asian monsoon climate for the Tortonian (11-7 Ma) using the regional climate model CCLM3.2. We employ relatively high spatial resolution (1 • × 1 • ) and adapt the physical boundary conditions such as topography, land-sea distribution and vegetation in the regional model to represent the Late Miocene. As climatological forcing, the output of a Tortonian run with a fully-coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model is used. Our regional Tortonian run shows a stronger-than-present East Asian winter monsoon wind as a result of the enhanced mid-latitude westerly wind of our global forcing and the lowered present-day northern Tibetan Plateau in the regional model. The summer monsoon circulation is generally weakened in our regional Tortonian run compared to today. However, the changes of summer monsoon precipitation exhibit major regional differences. Precipitation decreases in northern China and northern India, but increases in southern China, the western coast and the southern tip of India. This can be attributed to the changes in both the regional topography (e.g. the lower northern Tibetan Plateau) and the global climate conditions (e.g. the higher sea surface temperature). The spread of dry summer conditions over northern China and northern Pakistan in our Tortonian run further implies that the monsoonal climate may not have been Correspondence to: H. Tang (hui.tang@helsinki.fi) fully established in these regions in the Tortonian. Compared with the global model, the high resolution regional model highlights the spatial differences of the Asian monsoon climate in the Tortonian, and better characterizes the convective activity and its response to regional topographical changes. It therefore provides a useful and compared to global models, a complementary tool to improve our understanding of the Asian monsoon evolution in the Late Miocene.

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Section: E-asian Summer Monsoonsupporting

confidence: 89%

Regional climate model experiments to investigate the Asian monsoon in the Late Miocene

2011

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“…The Miocene epoch (23.03 to 5.3 Mya) was dominated by warmer global climates, which gradually intensified during the mid to late Miocene, causing the expansion of seasonal aridity (Zachos et al, 2001a; Fortelius et al, 2006;Eronen et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2009). Furthermore, the desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea took place around the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, leading into the geologically catastrophic Messinian salinity crisis (Hsu et al, 1977) when further major climatic changes were experienced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploid Evolution of the Brassicaceae during the Cenozoic Era

et al. 2014

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The Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family, owing to its remarkable species, genetic, and physiological diversity as well as its significant economic potential, has become a model for polyploidy and evolutionary studies. Utilizing extensive transcriptome pyrosequencing of diverse taxa, we established a resolved phylogeny of a subset of crucifer species. We elucidated the frequency, age, and phylogenetic position of polyploidy and lineage separation events that have marked the evolutionary history of the Brassicaceae. Besides the well-known ancient a (47 million years ago [Mya]) and b (124 Mya) paleopolyploidy events, several species were shown to have undergone a further more recent (;7 to 12 Mya) round of genome multiplication. We identified eight whole-genome duplications corresponding to at least five independent neo/mesopolyploidy events. Although the Brassicaceae family evolved from other eudicots at the beginning of the Cenozoic era of the Earth (60 Mya), major diversification occurred only during the Neogene period (0 to 23 Mya). Remarkably, the widespread species divergence, major polyploidy, and lineage separation events during Brassicaceae evolution are clustered in time around epoch transitions characterized by prolonged unstable climatic conditions. The synchronized diversification of Brassicaceae species suggests that polyploid events may have conferred higher adaptability and increased tolerance toward the drastically changing global environment, thus facilitating species radiation.

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“…One view holds that the East Asian monsoon began in the late period of the late Miocene, approximately 7−8 Ma [33−35]. East Asia was generally uniformly humid before the late middle Miocene, and this was replaced by a mid-latitude arid belt from the late middle Miocene into the earlier part of the late Miocene [34]. Northern China became more humid from the time of the onset of red clay deposition approximately 7−8 Ma [33].…”

Section: Asian Monsoon Evolutionary History and Phased Himalaya-tp's mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the climate effects of different subregional uplifts within the Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau on Asian summer monsoon evolution

et al. 2012

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Significant mid-latitude aridity in the middle Miocene of East Asia

Cited by 81 publications

References 28 publications

Regional climate model experiments to investigate the Asian monsoon in the Late Miocene

Regional climate model experiments to investigate the Asian monsoon in the Late Miocene

Polyploid Evolution of the Brassicaceae during the Cenozoic Era

Modeling the climate effects of different subregional uplifts within the Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau on Asian summer monsoon evolution

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