Signs of Accelerated Preclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

Abstract

AS was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness, supporting epidemiological evidence of an increased CV risk in these patients. Whether these differences are due to AS or to a higher prevalence of CV risk factors in patients with AS remains to be determined.

Increased Epicardial Fat Tissue Is a Marker of Subclinic Atherosclerosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis

“…Peters et al 18 also detected that CIMT did not show any association with BASDAI in AS patients. Angel et al 16 demonstrated that impairment in aortic elasticity occurs independently of disease activity in subjects with AS.…”

“…11 Several studies showed that patients with AS exhibited greater CIMT. [12][13][14] and ASI [15][16][17][18] than healthy controls. However, no studies have been performed regarding the association between AS patients and EFT.…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated that patients with AS, without risk factors for cardiovascular disease, have increased aortic stiffness. [15][16][17][18] In recent years, many efforts have been made to determine the causes of increased cardiovascular disease; traditional atherosclerotic risk factors, indeed, play a crucial role in the development, but do not fully explain the substantial burden of cardiovascular disease in AS. 31 This suggests an unfavorable risk profile associated with AS related to systemic inflammation, which may predispose to cardiovascular disease.…”

Arterial Stiffness and Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Therapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results With Long-Term Two Year-Follow-Up

“…Still, the current evidence base for a link between AS and CV disease is limited. 8,19 However, current data suggest that inflammation has a role in the development of endothelial impairment, and chronic inflammation leads to accelerated atherogenesis, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis and AS. 20 Pulse wave velocity is a marker for vascular dysfunction and an independent risk factor for CV disease.…”

According to the Materials of the 2015/2016 New European League Against Rheumatism (Eular) Guidelines for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis: General Characterization and Discussion Problems

“…Одна из основных причин леталь-ности при АС -ССЗ [17][18][19]. Так же как и при РА, ФР ССО при АС являются дислипидемия [20], повышенная распро-страненность АГ [17,21], СД 2-го типа [17], увеличение толщины комплекса интима -медиа или наличие АТБ [22][23][24]. Кроме того, отмечено увеличение частоты неате-росклеротических ССЗ (патология аортального клапана и нарушение проводимости).…”