Silene latifolia: The Classical Model to Study Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes

Kejnovský, Eduard; Vyskot, Boris

doi:10.1159/000314285

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…2009). The most studied dioecious model species with heteromorphic sex chromosomes are white campion ( Silene latifolia , Kejnovsky and Vyskot 2010), sorrel ( Rumex acetosa , Steflova et al. 2013; R. hastatulus , Hough et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite DNA and Transposable Elements in Seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides ), a Dioecious Plant with Small Y and Large X Chromosomes

et al. 2017

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Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is a dioecious shrub commonly used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and environmental industry as a source of oil, minerals and vitamins. In this study, we analyzed the transposable elements and satellites in its genome. We carried out Illumina DNA sequencing and reconstructed the main repetitive DNA sequences. For data analysis, we developed a new bioinformatics approach for advanced satellite DNA analysis and showed that about 25% of the genome consists of satellite DNA and about 24% is formed of transposable elements, dominated by Ty3/Gypsy and Ty1/Copia LTR retrotransposons. FISH mapping revealed X chromosome-accumulated, Y chromosome-specific or both sex chromosomes-accumulated satellites but most satellites were found on autosomes. Transposable elements were located mostly in the subtelomeres of all chromosomes. The 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA were localized on one autosomal locus each. Although we demonstrated the small size of the Y chromosome of the seabuckthorn and accumulated satellite DNA there, we were unable to estimate the age and extent of the Y chromosome degeneration. Analysis of dioecious relatives such as Shepherdia would shed more light on the evolution of these sex chromosomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite DNA and Transposable Elements in Seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides ), a Dioecious Plant with Small Y and Large X Chromosomes

et al. 2017

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“…Y-linked genes have been physically mapped using Y chromosome deletion mutants, allowing comparisons of the gene order on the X and Y (Lebel-Hardenack et al 2002; Zluvova et al 2007; Ishii et al 2008; Bergero et al 2008). At least three large inversions are proposed to have occurred in the S. latifolia Y chromosome during sex chromosome evolution (Kejnovsky and Vyskot 2010). …”

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confidence: 99%

SlWUS1; An X-linked Gene Having No Homologous Y-Linked Copy inSilene latifolia

Kazama

Nishihara

Bergero

et al. 2012

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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The dioecious plant Silene latifolia has heteromorphic sex chromosomes, and comparison of the positions of sex-linked genes indicates that at least three large inversions have occurred during the evolution of the Y chromosome. In this article, we describe the isolation of a new sex-linked gene from S. latifolia, which provides new information on the evolution of this plant’s young sex chromosomes. By using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction degenerate primers based on the Arabidopsis thaliana sequence of WUSCHEL, a flower-development gene, we found two copies in S. latifolia, which we named SlWUS1 and SlWUS2. Southern blot and genetic segregation analysis showed that SlWUS1 is located on the X chromosome and SlWUS2 is autosomal. No Y-linked copy of SlWUS1 was found by either Southern blot analysis under low-stringency conditions or polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers, so we conclude that SlWUS1 probably has no Y-linked homolog. It is unknown whether the Y chromosome lost the SlWUS1 copy by degeneration of this individual gene or whether deletion of a larger genome region was involved. Several tests lead us to conclude that dosage compensation has not evolved for this sex-linked gene. We mapped the ortholog in the nondioecious relative S. vulgaris (SvWUS1), to compare the location in a species that has no history of having sex chromosomes. SvWUS1 maps to the same linkage group as other fully X-linked genes, indicating that it was not added to the X, but was lost from the Y. Its location differs in the maps from the two species, raising the possibility that the X chromosome, as well as the Y, may have been rearranged.

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“…Over the past decade, the sex-determination of flowering plants by a molecular mechanism was always an attractive research field, and a number of achievements have been made in dioecious plants such as Silene latifolia (Taylor et al, 2001;Hobza et al, 2006;Kejnovsky and Vyskot, 2010;Macas et al, 2011). At present, morphologically distinctive sex chromosomes have been found in 13 plant species, of which the sex-determination mechanism can be divided into 2 groups: the X-to-autosome ratio and the active Y-system.…”

Section: Q Sun Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

SCAR marker for sex identification of Pistacia chinensis Bunge (Anacardiaceae)

Sun¹,

Yang²,

Li³

2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Pistacia chinensis Bunge is a dioecious plant that originated in China, and its sex cannot be identified at the early stage of cultivation by only its appearance. Recent studies show that the seed of P. chinensis is an ideal feedstock for biofuel production. To guide the cultivation of this energy plant scientifically, a new method is urgently needed to identify the sex of P. chinensis seedlings. In this paper, from 21 random-amplified polymorphic DNA primers and 20 inter-simple sequence repeat primers, 2 sex-specific primers (S1 and S281) were identified that can amplify female-specific fragments of 473 and 1242 bp, respectively. However, only 1 fragment (FS281) was converted successfully into a sequence-characterized amplified region marker using S281-1 and S281-2 primers. When the annealing temperature was 64°C, a 636-bp specific sequence appeared in all female specimens but was absent in all the male samples tested. This study will offer some clues to sex selection in P. chinensis plantations.

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Silene latifolia: The Classical Model to Study Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes

Cited by 31 publications

References 159 publications

Satellite DNA and Transposable Elements in Seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides ), a Dioecious Plant with Small Y and Large X Chromosomes

Satellite DNA and Transposable Elements in Seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides ), a Dioecious Plant with Small Y and Large X Chromosomes

SlWUS1; An X-linked Gene Having No Homologous Y-Linked Copy inSilene latifolia

SCAR marker for sex identification of Pistacia chinensis Bunge (Anacardiaceae)

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