Silica‐free sealing glass for sodium‐beta alumina battery

Abstract

A CaO‐Bi2O3‐Al2O3‐B2O3 glass system was studied as a sealant for sodium‐sulfur battery. The thermal properties such as thermal expansion coefficient, glass transition, and softening temperature were determined by dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Selected glasses, based on the thermal properties, were bonded with α‐alumina substrate followed by aging in air at 400°C for 100 hours and in sodium vapor at 350°C for 100 hours. The interfacial compatibility and resistance to sodium vapor corrosion of the bonded and aged samples were evaluated by structural and microstructural analysis using X‐ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) attached with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). Helium leakage test was performed at room temperature to examine the sealing ability of the select glass. It is found that Bi2O3 increases the thermal expansion coefficient, decreases the glass transition and softening temperature, shows excellent interfacial compatibility and thermal cycling resistance, improves sealing ability, and degrades sodium corrosion resistance.

A Review of Sodium-Metal Chloride Batteries: Materials and Cell Design

“…On the other hand, glass contains leachable elements such as calcium, which can diffuse into the β -alumina electrolyte and increase its resistivity [191]. Recently, a few studies reported the advantages of Bi-doped sealing glass [194,195]. The incorporation of bismuth oxide in the glass composition increases the thermal expansion coefficient and decreases the glass transition temperature.…”