Silica gel polymer composite desiccants for air conditioning systems

Chen, Chih‐Hao; Hsu, Chien-Yeh; Chen, Chih-Chieh; Chen, Sih‐Li

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.05.009

Cited by 43 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Desiccants can be selected from inorganic materials such as silica gels (SGs), 10−13 zeolites (molecular sieves), 13,14 activated alumina, 15−17 to organic desiccants such as porous/activated carbons. 12,17,18 Also, hybrid substrates such as synthesized silica gel-composite materials 19−21 and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported. 22−26 Research on alternative desiccants such as starch, wheat, cassava, corn grit, and durian peel suggest that agriculture-based biomass possess unique water adsorption–desorption capabilities with additional benefits of low cost, high abundance, and sustainable nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Desiccants can be selected from inorganic materials such as silica gels (SGs), − zeolites (molecular sieves), , activated alumina, − to organic desiccants such as porous/activated carbons. ,, Also, hybrid substrates such as synthesized silica gel-composite materials − and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported. − Research on alternative desiccants such as starch, wheat, cassava, corn grit, and durian peel suggest that agriculture-based biomass possess unique water adsorption–desorption capabilities with additional benefits of low cost, high abundance, and sustainable nature. − Recently, Fathieh et al , conducted a sorption study on high amylose starch (HAS 15 ) using the component testing of an energy wheel, where the performance of HAS 15 and mesopouros silica gels (SG 13 ) with variable particle sizes were compared (commercial solid desiccants). Latent effectiveness is the one of the most important parameters to quantify the moisture transfer performance of air-to-air energy exchangers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Vapor Adsorption–Desorption Behavior of Surfactant-Coated Starch Particles for Commercial Energy Wheels

et al. 2019

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This study reports on the adsorption (dehumidification)–desorption (humidification) behavior of cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) coated starch particles (SPs), denoted as SP-CPB, as a potential desiccant material for air-to-air energy exchangers. CPB is a cationic surfactant with antibacterial activity that can be used to modify the surface properties of SPs, especially at variable CPB loading levels (SP-CPB0.5, SP-CPB2.5, and SP-CPB5.0, where the numeric suffix represents the synthetic loading level of CPB in mM). The SP-CPB0.5 sample displayed optimal surface area and pore structure properties that was selected for water sorption isotherm studies at 25 °C. The CPB-coated SPs sample (SP-CPB0.5) showed an improved water vapor uptake capacity compared to unmodified starch (SPs) and other desiccant systems such as high amylose starch (HAS15) and silica gel (SG13). Single-step and cyclic water vapor sorption tests were conducted using a small-scale exchanger coated with SP-CPB0.5. The calculated latent effectiveness values obtained from direct measurements using cyclic tests (65.4 ± 2%) agree closely with the estimated latent effectiveness from single-step tests (64.6 ± 2%) at controlled operating conditions. Compared to HAS15- and SG13-coated exchangers, the SP-CPB0.5-coated exchanger performed much better at controlled operating conditions, along with improved longevity due to the CPB surface coating. The presence of CPB did not attenuate the uptake properties of native SPs. Latent effectiveness of SP-CPB0.5-coated exchanger was enhanced (5–30% higher) over that of the SG13- or HAS15-coated exchangers, according to the wheel angular speed. This study reports on a novel and sustainable SP-CPB0.5 material as a promising desiccant coating with tunable uptake and surface properties with potential utility in air-to-air energy exchangers for ventilation systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Vapor Adsorption–Desorption Behavior of Surfactant-Coated Starch Particles for Commercial Energy Wheels

et al. 2019

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“…The analyses concerned DAC with air precooling with vapor AC. Chen et al [57] analyzed a few materials of the desiccant wheel to decide which composition of silica, gel, and polyacrylates was the most effective in moisture absorption. They found the proportion of 10 to 1 to 1 to be the most effective, with a 40% higher sorption capacity [58].…”

Section: Desiccant M-cycle Air Conditioning (D-mac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the M-Cycle Technology for Air Conditioning and Cooling Applications

2022

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The indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) has excellent potential to replace or improve conventional vapor compression equipment in HVAC and refrigeration applications. This could be achieved by using the M-cycle (dew-point evaporative cooling technology). This thermodynamic concept makes it possible to derive a large amount of energy from the air stream (as latent heat released during water evaporation into the working air stream) and use it for another air stream (product). Its application has also spread to other sectors, such as water desalination and distillation, power plants, or NOx reduction. This paper provides an overview of the M-cycle mainly in air conditioning (MAC, D-MAC, H-MAC) and refrigeration (MCT, M-condenser). Various integrated solutions are described, showing improved effectiveness in terms of the wet-bulb temperature and the dew point. The design features of consolidated solutions are better In terms of the flow distribution, geometry, or volume. Most of the improvements confirm the great potential of the M-cycle to increase the unit or the system efficiency due to lower energy and water consumption.

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“…The use of mineral-based desiccants, such as silica gels (SGs), − activated alumina, − zeolites, , metal organic frameworks, − and hybrid substrates, − has been reported in energy wheels. Interest in the research and utilization of agricultural biomass is underway because of the notable water adsorption–desorption capabilities, high abundance, low cost, and material sustainability .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Moisture Adsorption Properties of Starch Particles and Flax Fiber Coatings for Energy Wheel Applications

et al. 2020

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The adsorption–desorption behavior of flax fibers (FFs) is reported in this paper. FFs are a potential desiccant material for air-to-air energy wheels, which transfer heat and moisture in building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. The raw FFs sample was subjected to physical modification, followed by complementary material characterization to understand the relationship between its structure and its moisture uptake performance. The surface and textural properties of the modified FFs were determined by gas adsorption (N2, H2O) and gravimetric liquid water swelling studies and further supported by spectroscopic (infrared and scanning electron microscopy) results. A FF-coated small-scale energy exchanger was used to determine the moisture transfer (or latent effectiveness; εl) using single-step and cyclic testing. The FF-coated exchanger had εl values of ∼10 and 40% greater compared to similar exchangers coated with starch particles (SPs) and silica gel (SG) reported in a previous study. The enhanced surface and textural properties, along with the complex compositional structure of FFs and its greater propensity to swell in water, account for the improved performance over SPs. Thus, FFs offer an alternative low-cost, environment-friendly, and sustainable biodesiccant for air-to-air energy wheel applications in buildings. The current study contributes to an improved understanding of the structure–function relationship of biodesiccants for such energy wheel applications.

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Silica gel polymer composite desiccants for air conditioning systems

Cited by 43 publications

References 21 publications

Water Vapor Adsorption–Desorption Behavior of Surfactant-Coated Starch Particles for Commercial Energy Wheels

Water Vapor Adsorption–Desorption Behavior of Surfactant-Coated Starch Particles for Commercial Energy Wheels

Overview of the M-Cycle Technology for Air Conditioning and Cooling Applications

Comparison of the Moisture Adsorption Properties of Starch Particles and Flax Fiber Coatings for Energy Wheel Applications

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