Silicic frothy xenoliths (xeno-pumice) in recent volcanics from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands

Jägerup, S.B.; Troll, Valentin R.; Geiger, Hartmut; Deegan, Frances M.; Harris, Chris; Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Meade, Fiona C.; Omidian, S; Zaczek, Kirsten; Zwan, Froukje M. van der

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107857

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107857

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Silicic frothy xenoliths (xeno-pumice) in recent volcanics from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands

S.B. Jägerup

Valentin R. Troll

Hartmut Geiger

et al.

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2024

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Opportunities to synchronise and date archaeological and climate records in Northwest Africa using volcanic ash (tephra) layers

McLean,

Horn,

Aguiar

et al. 2024

Libyan Stud

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Archaeological sites in Northwest Africa are rich in human fossils and artefacts providing proxies for behavioural and evolutionary studies. However, these records are difficult to underpin on a precise chronology, which can prevent robust assessments of the drivers of cultural/behavioural transitions. Past investigations have revealed that numerous volcanic ash (tephra) layers are interbedded within the Palaeolithic sequences and likely originate from large volcanic eruptions in the North Atlantic (e.g. the Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde). Critically, these ash layers offer a unique opportunity to provide new relative and absolute dating constraints (via tephrochronology) to synchronise key archaeological and palaeoenvironmental records in this region. Here, we provide an overview of the known eruptive histories of the potential source volcanoes capable of widespread ashfall in the region during the last ~300,000 years, and discuss the diagnostic glass compositions essential for robust tephra correlations. To investigate the eruption source parameters and weather patterns required for ash dispersal towards NW Africa, we simulate plausible ashfall distributions using the Ash3D model. This work constitutes the first step in developing a more robust tephrostratigraphic framework for distal ash layers in NW Africa and highlights how tephrochronology may be used to reliably synchronise and date key climatic and cultural transitions during the Palaeolithic.

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Opportunities to synchronise and date archaeological and climate records in Northwest Africa using volcanic ash (tephra) layers

McLean,

Horn,

Aguiar

et al. 2024

Libyan Stud

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Silicic frothy xenoliths (xeno-pumice) in recent volcanics from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands

Cited by 1 publication

References 67 publications

Opportunities to synchronise and date archaeological and climate records in Northwest Africa using volcanic ash (tephra) layers

Opportunities to synchronise and date archaeological and climate records in Northwest Africa using volcanic ash (tephra) layers

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