Reactions of ruthenium silylene complexes of the type
[Cp*(PMe3)2RuSiR2]+
with unsaturated compounds
were investigated. Nonpolar, unsaturated substrates such as
ethylene, acetylene, and 2-butyne do not react with
[Cp*(PMe3)2RuSiR2]B(C6F5)4
(1a, R = Me; 1b, R = Ph). However,
methyl isocyanate inserts into an Si−S bond
of the silylene complex
[Cp*(PMe3)2RuSi(STol)2][BPh4]
(5) to give the 1,2-dipolar addition product
{Cp*(PMe3)2RuSi(STol)[η2−O(MeN)C(STol)]}[BPh4]
(6a) in 87% yield. This product was characterized by
X-ray crystallography
as possessing a base-stabilized silylene ligand with thiolate and
thiocarbamate substituents. Compound 1a
reacts
with methyl and phenyl isocyanate to give the 2 + 2
R = Me; 8, R = Ph). The analogous
triflate
R = Ph; 10,
R = Me) were prepared by reaction of the appropriate ruthenium silyls
Cp*(PMe3)2RuSiR2OTf
with methyl isocyanate.
Heating 9 to 100 °C in toluene resulted in
dissociation of the isocyanate and regeneration of the triflate
Cp*(PMe3)2RuSiPh2OTf. Competition reactions of various
para-substituted phenyl isocyanates with 1b show that the
rate of
cycloaddition increases with the electron-donating ability of the
incoming isocyanate. This is consistent with a
stepwise cycloaddition mechanism involving initial coordination of the
isocyanate nitrogen atom to the Lewis acidic
silylene silicon atom.