Silicon-enhanced oxalate exudation contributes to alleviation of cadmium toxicity in wheat

Wu, Jiawen; Geilfus, Christoph‐Martin; Pitann, Britta; Mühling, Karl H.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.06.012

Cited by 65 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The mechanism by which these changes occur are not yet clear, although it is hypothesized that Si interacts and crosslinks with phenols within cell walls or induces precipitation of phenols, leading to enhanced CB development. Lastly, the co-precipitation of Si and metal toxicants, such as Al, in the extracellular matrix is another critical consideration (Kidd et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5). Moreover, Si can coprecipitate with toxicants in the extracellular matrix, thus protecting tissues against stress (Kidd et al, 2001;Rogalla & R€ omheld, 2002;Wang et al, 2004;He et al, 2013He et al, , 2015Pavlovic et al, 2013;Ma et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2016). Lastly, Si deposition in cuticles will prevent water loss, which is particularly important under osmotic stress.…”

Section: The Apoplastic Obstruction Hypothesis: a Working Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The controversies of silicon's role in plant biology

et al. 2018

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Contents Summary 67 I. Introduction 68 II. Silicon transport in plants: to absorb or not to absorb 69 III. The role of silicon in plants: not just a matter of semantics 71 IV. Silicon and biotic stress: beyond mechanical barriers and defense priming 76 V. Silicon and abiotic stress: a proliferation of proposed mechanisms 78 VI. The apoplastic obstruction hypothesis: a working model 79 VII. Perspectives and conclusions 80 Acknowledgements 81 References 81 SUMMARY: Silicon (Si) is not classified as an essential plant nutrient, and yet numerous reports have shown its beneficial effects in a variety of species and environmental circumstances. This has created much confusion in the scientific community with respect to its biological roles. Here, we link molecular and phenotypic data to better classify Si transport, and critically summarize the current state of understanding of the roles of Si in higher plants. We argue that much of the empirical evidence, in particular that derived from recent functional genomics, is at odds with many of the mechanistic assertions surrounding Si's role. In essence, these data do not support reports that Si affects a wide range of molecular-genetic, biochemical and physiological processes. A major reinterpretation of Si's role is therefore needed, which is critical to guide future studies and inform agricultural practice. We propose a working model, which we term the 'apoplastic obstruction hypothesis', which attempts to unify the various observations on Si's beneficial influences on plant growth and yield. This model argues for a fundamental role of Si as an extracellular prophylactic agent against biotic and abiotic stresses (as opposed to an active cellular agent), with important cascading effects on plant form and function.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Apoplastic Obstruction Hypothesis: a Working Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The controversies of silicon's role in plant biology

et al. 2018

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“…Pot experiments show that the biomass of maize (Zea mays) and broomcorn (Sorghum bicolor) decreased by 49 and 79% under drought stress, respectively (Hattori et al 2005;Kaya et al 2006). The biomass of pea (Pisum sativum) decreased by 38% under 100 μM chromium (VI) stresses, as compared to biomass reduction of 5 and 64% in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedling exposed to 5 and 25 μM cadmium stress, respectively, and that of 33% under UV-B stress (Tripathi et al 2015(Tripathi et al , 2017Wu et al 2016a). Additionally, abiotic stresses caused by extreme weather and climate may result in plant growth arrest and even death, resulting in inefficient carbon assimilation and ANPP in terrestrial ecosystems (Kogan et al 2004;Craine et al 2012).…”

Section: Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to the control, wheat plants lose their biomass carbon by 32 and 44% under salinity stress and 25 and 16% in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive Si-fed plants, respectively (Tuna et al 2008). The stress-sensitive plants would receive more biomass carbon accumulation than the stress-tolerant ones as well as when Si is added under drought stress and heavy metal toxicity (Kaya et al 2006;Farooq et al 2013;Wu et al 2016a). In addition, increasing Si application (monosilicic acid in soil solution at pH below 9.0 is less than 2 mM) can improve the performance of plant biomass carbon accumulation (Kaya et al 2006;Tuna et al 2008;Pei et al 2010).…”

Section: Silicon Enhancement Of Carbon Accumulation Under Abiotic Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon enhancement of estimated plant biomass carbon accumulation under abiotic and biotic stresses. A meta-analysis

Song

Zhang

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Abiotic and biotic stresses are the major factors limiting plant growth worldwide. Plants exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses often cause reduction in plant biomass as well as crop yield, resulting in plant biomass carbon loss. As a beneficial and quasiessential element, silicon accumulation in rhizosphere and plants can alleviate the unfavorable effects of the major forms of abiotic and biotic stress through several resistance mechanisms and thus increases plant biomass accumulation and crop yield. The beneficial effects of silicon on plant growth and crop yield have been widely reviewed over the last years. However, carbon accumulation of silicon-associated plant biomass under abiotic and biotic stresses has not yet been systematically addressed. This review article focuses on both the main mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic and biotic stresses and their effects on plant biomass carbon accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems. The major points are the following: (1) the recovery of plant biomass via silicon mediation usually exhibits a bell-shaped response curve to abiotic stress severity and an S-shaped response curve to biotic stress severity; (2) although carbon concentration of plant biomass decreases with silicon accumulation, more than 96% of the recovered plant biomass contributes to plant biomass carbon accumulation; (3) silicon-mediated recovery generally increases plant biomass carbon by 35% and crop yield by 24%. In conclusion, silicon can improve plant growth and enhance plant biomass carbon accumulation under abiotic and biotic stresses in terrestrial ecosystems.

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“…Cadmium exposure interrupts nutrient uptake, inhibits enzyme activities, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damages cell components (Wu J. et al, 2016; Rahman et al, 2017). Cadmium possesses various degrees of phytotoxicity and exhibits potential health problems when accumulated in edible parts of crops (Wu Z. et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Silicon Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Brassica napus L. by Modulating AsA-GSH Pathway and Glyoxalase System

et al. 2017

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Cadmium (Cd) brings a devastating health hazard to human being as a serious consequence of agricultural and environmental contamination. We demonstrated the protective effect of silicon (Si) on cadmium (Cd)-stressed rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. BINA Sharisha 3) plants through regulation of antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. Twelve-day-old seedlings were exposed to Cd stress (0.5 and 1.0 mM CdCl2) separately and in combination with Si (SiO2, 1.0 mM) for 2 days. Cadmium toxicity was evident by an obvious oxidative stress through sharp increases in H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA content), and visible sign of superoxide and H2O2. Cadmium stress also decreased the content of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) as well as their redox pool. The activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) were decreased by Cd while ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were increased. The enzymes of glyoxalase system (glyoxalase I, Gly I and glyoxalase II, Gly II) were also inefficient under Cd stress. However, exogenous application of Si in Cd treated seedlings reduced H2O2 and MDA contents and improved antioxidant defense mechanism through increasing the AsA and GSH pools and activities of AsA-GSH cycle (APX, MDHAR, DHAR and GR) and glyoxalase system (Gly I and Gly II) enzymes and CAT. Thus Si reduced oxidative damage in plants to make more tolerant under Cd stress through augmentation of different antioxidant components and methylglyoxal detoxification system.

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Silicon-enhanced oxalate exudation contributes to alleviation of cadmium toxicity in wheat

Cited by 65 publications

References 37 publications

The controversies of silicon's role in plant biology

The controversies of silicon's role in plant biology

Silicon enhancement of estimated plant biomass carbon accumulation under abiotic and biotic stresses. A meta-analysis

Exogenous Silicon Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Brassica napus L. by Modulating AsA-GSH Pathway and Glyoxalase System

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