Silicon on insulator photonic integrated sensors: On-chip sensing and interrogation

Pozo, José; Westerveld, W.J.; Harmsma, P.J.; Yang, Shaoshi; Bodis, P.; Nieuwland, R.A.; Lagioia, M.; Cascio, Duilio; Staats, John-Paul; Schmits, R.; Berg, H.; Tabak, E.; Green, K.; Urbach, H. P.; Cheng, L.K.; Yousefi, M.

doi:10.1109/icton.2011.5970854

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology has emerged as a focus platform for integrated photonics, with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) production lines, opening the possibility of mass fabrication [5]. Silicon is the commonly used material in MEMS, and we have shown the possibility of micromachining postprocessing of SOI photonic integrated circuits [6]. Strong lateral confinement of the light due to the high refractive index contrast of SOI waveguides (Δn ≈ 2) allows for small device footprint, but also comes with high sensitivity to the exact behavior of the modes in the waveguide, e.g., strong modal dispersion [7,8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a photonic strain sensor in silicon-on-insulator technology

et al. 2012

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Recently there has been growing interest in sensing by means of optical microring resonators in photonic integrated circuits that are fabricated in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology. Taillaert et al. [Proc. SPIE 6619, 661914 (2007)] proposed the use of a silicon-waveguide-based ring resonator as a strain gauge. However, the strong lateral confinement of the light in SOI waveguides and its corresponding modal dispersion where not taken into account. We present a theoretical understanding, as well as experimental results, of strain applied on waveguide-based microresonators, and find that the following effects play important roles: elongation of the racetrack length, modal dispersion of the waveguide, and the strain-induced change in effective refractive index. © 2012 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 120.4880, 160.1050, 130.7408, 280.4788, 160.6000, 000.2190 Piezoresistive electronic strain gauges are frequently used in micromachined electromechanical systems (MEMS) [1]. Alternatively, all-optical systems can be used, and they have particular benefits, such as being insensitive to electromagnetic interference, not having the danger of initiating gas explosions with electric sparks, and allowing for high speed readout. Guo and co-workers employed an optical polymer microring resonator as an ultrasound sensor, in which the deformation of the resonator was measured by monitoring its shift in resonance frequencies [2,3]. Taillaert et al. [4] proposed the use of a silicon optical microring resonator as a strain gauge. Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology has emerged as a focus platform for integrated photonics, with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) production lines, opening the possibility of mass fabrication [5]. Silicon is the commonly used material in MEMS, and we have shown the possibility of micromachining postprocessing of SOI photonic integrated circuits [6]. Strong lateral confinement of the light due to the high refractive index contrast of SOI waveguides (Δn ≈ 2) allows for small device footprint, but also comes with high sensitivity to the exact behavior of the modes in the waveguide, e.g., strong modal dispersion [7,8]. Amemiya et al.[9] reported on the photoelastic effect in strained SOI ring resonators without, however, considering the modal effects, such as dispersion. In this Letter, we first derive a model explaining the effects that play a role when considering the influence of strain on photonic waveguides. Then, we characterize these effects with a novel mechanical setup providing a well-defined strain. We describe the important effects when a strain is applied to a ring resonator that has a racetracklike shape with circumference l, as depicted in Fig. 1. Light is coupled from a connecting waveguide to the racetrack waveguide by means of a multimode interference (MMI) coupler [10,11]. Having such a long racetrack allows us to neglect the effect of the bends and of the coupler. The transmitted spectrum at the output port of the connecting waveguide shows dips at the wavel...

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a photonic strain sensor in silicon-on-insulator technology

et al. 2012

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“…Distinct read-outs systems can be used depending on the application. For example, for wavelength meter devices, 3 × 3 interferometers are employed to track the input device wavelength [ 25 ]. Although this is not the goal of the IOSS device, it can help us to acquire more accurate information by means of measuring multiple points at the output.…”

Section: Device Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Optic Sensing Spectrometer: Concept and Design

Micó

Gargallo²,

Pastor

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In this paper the concept and design of an integrated optical device featuring evanescent field sensing and spectrometric analysis is presented. The device, termed integrated optics sensing spectrometer (IOSS), consists of a modified arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) which arms are engineered into two sets having different focal points. Half of the arms are exposed to the outer media, while the other half are left isolated, thus the device can provide both sensing and reference spectra. Two reference designs are provided for the visible and near-infrared wavelengths, aimed at the determination of the concentration of known solutes through absorption spectroscopy.

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“…SOI is a mature, CMOS-compatible, viable technology for the implementation of compact, cost-effective, versatile MRR-based optical filters for a wide range of applications, including telecom/datacom [30], microwave photonics [18], and sensing [31]. SOI-based MRR can be designed to operate as either a band-pass or a band-rejecting filter.…”

Section: Performance Evaluation On the Feasibility Of Mrrs For Submentioning

confidence: 99%

Sliceable Transponder Architecture Including Multiwavelength Source

Sambo¹,

D’Errico²,

Porzi³

et al. 2014

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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A multiflow transponder in flex-grid optical networks has recently been proposed as a transponder solution to generate multiple optical flows (or subcarriers). Multiflow transponders support high-rate super-channels (i.e., connection composed of multiple corouted subcarriers contiguous in the spectrum) and sliceability; i.e., flows can be flexibly associated to the incoming traffic requests, and, besides composing a super-channel, they can be directed toward different destinations. Transponders supporting sliceability are also called sliceable transponders or sliceable bandwidth variable transponders (SBVTs). Typically, in the literature, SBVTs have been considered composed of multiple laser sources (i.e., one for each subcarrier). In this paper, we propose and evaluate a novel multirate, multimodulation, and code-rate adaptive SBVT architecture. Subcarriers are obtained either through multiple laser sources (i.e., a laser for each subcarrier) or by exploiting a more innovative and cost-effective solution based on a multiwavelength source and micro-ring resonators (MRRs). A multiwavelength source is able to create several optical subcarriers from a single laser source. Then, cascaded MRRs are used to select subcarriers and direct them to the proper modulator. MRRs are designed and analyzed through simulations in this paper. An advanced transmission technique such as time frequency packing is also included. A specific implementation of a SBVT enabling an information rate of 400 Gb∕s is presented considering standard 100 GbE interfaces. A node architecture supporting SBVT is also considered. A simulation analysis is carried out in a flex-grid network. The proposed SBVT architecture with a multiwavelength source permits us to reduce the number of required lasers in the network.

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Silicon on insulator photonic integrated sensors: On-chip sensing and interrogation

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Characterization of a photonic strain sensor in silicon-on-insulator technology

Characterization of a photonic strain sensor in silicon-on-insulator technology

Integrated Optic Sensing Spectrometer: Concept and Design

Sliceable Transponder Architecture Including Multiwavelength Source

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