3D
printing has become increasingly popular in the field of bone
tissue engineering. However, the mechanical properties, biocompatibility,
and porosity of the 3D printed bone scaffolds are major requirements
for tissue regeneration and implantation as well. Designing the scaffold
architecture in accordance with the need to create better mechanical
and biological stimuli is necessary to achieve unique scaffold properties.
To accomplish this, different 3D designing strategies can be utilized
with the help of the scaffold design library and artificial intelligence
(AI). The implementation of AI to assist the 3D printing process can
enable it to predict, adapt, and control the parameters on its own,
which lowers the risk of errors. This Review emphasizes 3D design
and fabrication of bone scaffold using different materials and the
use of AI-aided 3D printing strategies. Also, the adaption of AI to
3D printing helps to develop patient-specific scaffolds based on different
requirements, thus providing feedback and adequate data for reproducibility,
which can be improvised in the future. These printed scaffolds can
also serve as an alternative to preclinical animal test models to
cut costs and prevent immunological interference.