Silver in the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea

Zhang, Yan; Obata, Hajime; Nozaki, Yoshiyuki

doi:10.2343/geochemj.38.623

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…7a). A linear relationship was also obtained in the South and equatorial Pacific, with a slope higher than in the Atlantic and much greater concentrations in the surface waters (Zhang et al, 2004). It is thought that the Ag distribution is primarily controlled by uptake by diatoms with subsequent dissolution at depth of biogenic opal (Kramer et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Silver and Silicic Acid Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Similarly, low dissolved Ag concentrations were recorded in the deep waters of the southeastern Atlantic (Flegal et al, 1995). In fact, it is possible that there is a systematic enrichment of Ag in the deep waters from the North Atlantic towards the North Pacific along the global ocean deep circulation pathway (Zhang et al, 2004). Deep Ag distributions may hence further reflect water mass ages and long-term mixing of deep waters.…”

Section: Imprints Of the Continental Margin-open Ocean Exchanges And mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…hybrid-type metals at high latitudes, as their distribution is controlled by both biological uptake and scavenging processes (Bruland and Lohan, 2003). Furthermore, the oceanic behavior of other trace metals like silver (Ag) is still not well understood, with little data on Ag distributions in the global ocean, notably in the Southern Hemisphere (Zhang et al, 2004). Despite major advances on the biological involvement of trace metals and their geochemical dynamics in the ocean, basic knowledge is still lacking on their biogeochemical cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributions of dissolved trace metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ag) in the southeastern Atlantic and the Southern Ocean

et al. 2012

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Comprehensive synoptic datasets (surface water down to 4000 m) of dissolved cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb) and silver (Ag) are presented along a section between 34° S and 57° S in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Southern Ocean to the south off South Africa. The vertical distributions of Cu and Ag display nutrient-like profiles similar to silicic acid, and of Cd similar to phosphate. The distribution of Mn shows a subsurface maximum in the oxygen minimum zone, whereas Pb concentrations are rather invariable with depth. Dry deposition of aerosols is thought to be an important source of Pb to surface waters close to South Africa, and dry deposition and snowfall may have been significant sources of Cu and Mn at the higher latitudes. Furthermore, the advection of water masses enriched in trace metals following contact with continental margins appeared to be an important source of trace elements to the surface, intermediate and deep waters in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Hydrothermal inputs may have formed a source of trace metals to the deep waters over the Bouvet Triple Junction ridge crest, as suggested by relatively enhanced dissolved Mn concentrations. The biological utilization of Cu and Ag was proportional to that of silicic acid across the section, suggesting that diatoms formed an important control over the removal of Cu and Ag from surface waters. However, uptake by dino- and nano-flagellates may have influenced the distribution of Cu and Ag in the surface waters of the subtropical Atlantic domain. Cadmium correlated strongly with phosphate (P), yielding lower Cd / P ratios in the subtropical surface waters where phosphate concentrations were below 0.95 μM. The greater depletion of Cd relative to P observed in the Weddell Gyre compared to the Antarctic Circumpolar Current could be due to increase Cd uptake induced by iron-limiting conditions in these high-nutrient–low-chlorophyll waters. Similarly, an increase of Mn uptake under Fe-depleted conditions may have caused the highest depletion of Mn relative to P in the surface waters of the Weddell Gyre. In addition, a cellular Mn-transport channel of Cd was possibly activated in the Weddell Gyre, which in turn may have yielded depletion of both Mn and Cd in these surface waters

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Section: The Silver and Silicic Acid Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Imprints Of the Continental Margin-open Ocean Exchanges And mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributions of dissolved trace metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ag) in the southeastern Atlantic and the Southern Ocean

et al. 2012

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“…This hypothesis is supported by culture experiments in the laboratory that show that Ag can be actively incorporated by organisms, notably diatoms [ Reinfelder and Fisher , 1991; Fisher and Wente , 1993; Lee and Fisher , 1994]. However, the relationship between Ag and Si is nonlinear (i.e., dissolved Ag increases more slowly than Si with water depth) [ Zhang et al , 2001, 2004; Ranville and Flegal , 2005]. This may be the result of relatively slower regeneration of Ag [ Zhang et al , 2001] or it may suggest that the distribution of dissolved Ag is affected by processes other than simple biological uptake in surface waters and regeneration at depth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Dissolved Ag exhibits a nutrient‐type depth profile in the ocean (i.e., depleted in surface waters and increasing concentration with water depth) similar to that of dissolved Cu [ Martin et al , 1983] and Si [ Flegal et al , 1995; Rivera‐Duarte et al , 1999; Ndung'u et al , 2001; Zhang et al , 2001; Zhang et al , 2004; Ranville and Flegal , 2005]. The concentration of dissolved Ag in deep waters also increases from the northern Atlantic Ocean (2.8 to 4.0 pmol, Rivera) [ Rivera‐Duarte et al , 1999] to the North Pacific Ocean (40.9–55.0 pmol) [ Zhang et al , 2004] and Bering Sea (104.5 pmol) [ Zhang et al , 2004], as is typical for nutrient‐type elements. On the basis of the similarity between the dissolved Ag and Si profiles [ Flegal et al , 1995; Zhang et al , 2001] and work in Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Canada, it has been suggested that Ag is incorporated into diatom frustules and later released as these as these particles dissolve [ Kramer , 2006].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accumulation of silver in marine sediments: A link to biogenic Ba and marine productivity

McKay

Pedersen

2008

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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[1] The concentrations of Ag and a suite of redox-sensitive trace metals (Re, Cd, and Mo) were measured in surface sediments from the Western Canadian, Mexican, Peruvian, and Chilean continental margins. In all regions, Ag content increases from $80 ng g À1 (i.e., lithogenic values) on the shelf up to as high as 1483 ng g À1 on the lower slope. However, the trend of increasing Ag with increasing water depth breaks down at deepwater sites (>2500 m) where only lithogenic concentrations are documented. Silver content does not correlate with the distributions of redox-sensitive trace metals, suggesting that sedimentary redox conditions are not the primary control on Ag accumulation. Instead, a positive correlation between Ag and Ba in surface and nearsurface sediments suggests that Ag is scavenged by and delivered to the sediment with the organic particle flux. Scavenging probably results from the precipitation of Ag 2 S within the organic particles due to the development of anoxia and sulfate reduction. If this hypothesis is correct, then Ag has the potential to be a paleoproductivity proxy.Citation: McKay, J. L., and T. F. Pedersen (2008), The accumulation of silver in marine sediments: A link to biogenic Ba and marine productivity, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 22, GB4010,

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Effects of productivity, glaciation, and ventilation on late Quaternary sedimentary redox and trace element accumulation on the Vancouver Island margin, western Canada

2014

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Variations in chalcophile and redox-sensitive trace elements are examined at high-resolution intervals from a~50 kyr long sediment core (MD02-2496) from the Vancouver Island margin. Enrichments of Ag, Cd, Re, U, and Mo above lithogenous levels, signifying sedimentary suboxia and anoxia, occurred during the early Holocene and Bølling/Allerød, and during warm interstadial events of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Down-core trace element profiles co-vary with productivity proxy records (opal, CaCO 3 , and marine organic carbon), and with sedimentary nitrogen isotope ratios, which reflect variably enriched nitrate upwelled from intermediate waters that were transported northward from the Eastern Tropical North Pacific. The similarity of the MD02-2496 record with records from the southern portion of the California Current System (CCS), and to the Greenland ice core oxygen isotope record during warm climate intervals, suggests that sedimentary redox conditions along the California Current responded to local productivity, to North Atlantic climate change and to tropical Pacific surface water processes via long-distance teleconnections. Concentrations of trace elements and productivity proxies were relatively depleted during the Younger Dryas, cool stadial events of MIS 3, and in two episodes of glaciomarine sedimentation from~14.7 to 30.5 kyr BP (last glacial maximum, LGM), and from 44 to 50.4 kyr BP. Cordilleran Ice Sheet advancement onto the Vancouver Island continental shelf during the LGM led to intervals of increased terrigenous sedimentation and greatly reduced productivity not seen in the southern portion of the CCS, and along with ventilation of North Pacific Intermediate Waters, resulted in brief sedimentary oxic conditions.

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Silver in the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Distributions of dissolved trace metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ag) in the southeastern Atlantic and the Southern Ocean

Distributions of dissolved trace metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ag) in the southeastern Atlantic and the Southern Ocean

The accumulation of silver in marine sediments: A link to biogenic Ba and marine productivity

Effects of productivity, glaciation, and ventilation on late Quaternary sedimentary redox and trace element accumulation on the Vancouver Island margin, western Canada

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