Uptake of noble metals
by cereal plants is not reported in literature.
Our study of 505 native rice landraces showed that nine of them accumulate
silver at a high concentration when grown in the same soil. Among
these, a medicinal rice landrace from West Bengal, Garib-sal was found to accumulate silver at an especially high concentration
in the grains. Cultivation of Garib-sal rice in three
successive years in Basudha farm in the rice growing period of June–October
confirmed that for the same concentration of silver in the soil (∼0.15
mg/kg), Garib-sal accumulates it in the grains to
the extent of ∼15 mg/kg. Laboratory experiments also demonstrated
that silver uptake by Garib-sal is significantly
greater than for other varieties grown on the same soil, and that
the metal accumulates mostly in the grain. To detect the location
of deposition of silver in the grains, secondary ion mass spectrometry
was performed. The images reveal that the silver is concentrated in
the aleuronic layer of the rice bran. Its concentration decreases
in the subaleurone and becomes negligible in the endosperm. Accumulation
of silver does not alter the grain morphology and chemical characteristics.
The metal may be extracted from the bran after milling of the rice,
thereby causing no loss of the foodstuff.