Silver Nitrate: Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis<b />

Nayyar, Amit

doi:10.1055/s-2005-921895

Cited by 1 publication
(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The yield was 30%. HDOPA was obtained by oxidation of DHOPA with alkaline silver nitrate (31,32), with a yield of 20%. The reaction scheme is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Synthesis Of 11β20-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oic Acid (Dmentioning
confidence: 99%

Metabolomic and Genetic Analysis of Biomarkers for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Expression and Activation
Zhen
¹
,
Krausz
²
,
Chen
³

et al. 2007
Molecular Endocrinology
70
6
72
0
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is a nuclear receptor with manifold effects on intermediary metabolism. To define a set of urinary biomarkers that could be used to determine the efficacy of PPARalpha agonists, a metabolomic investigation was undertaken in wild-type and Pparalpha-null mice fed for 2 wk either a regular diet or a diet containing the PPARalpha ligand Wy-14,643 ([4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthio] acetic acid), and their urine was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal components analysis of 6393 accurate mass positive ions revealed clustering as a single phenotype of the treated and untreated Pparalpha (-/-) mice plus two additional discrete phenotypes for the treated and untreated Pparalpha (+/+) mice. Biomarkers of PPARalpha activation were identified from their accurate masses and confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry of authentic compounds. Biomarkers were quantitated from raw chromatographic data using appropriate calibration curves. PPARalpha urinary biomarkers highly statistically significantly elevated by Wy-14,643 treatment included 11beta-hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid (>3700-fold), 11beta,20-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid (50-fold), nicotinamide (>2-fold), nicotinamide 1-oxide (5-fold), 1-methylnicotinamide (1.5-fold), hippuric acid (2-fold), and 2,8-dihydroxyquinoline-beta-d-glucuronide (3-fold). PPARalpha urinary biomarkers highly statistically significantly attenuated by Wy-14,643 treatment included xanthurenic acid (1.3-fold), hexanoylglycine (20-fold), phenylpropionylglycine (4-fold), and cinnamoylglycine (9-fold). These biomarkers arise from PPARalpha effects on tryptophan, corticosterone, and fatty acid metabolism and on glucuronidation. This study underscores the power of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics combined with genetically modified mice in the definition of monogenic metabolic phenotypes.

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“…The yield was 30%. HDOPA was obtained by oxidation of DHOPA with alkaline silver nitrate (31,32), with a yield of 20%. The reaction scheme is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Synthesis Of 11β20-dihydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-oic Acid (Dmentioning
confidence: 99%

show abstract

Silver Nitrate: Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis

Abstract: This feature focuses on a reagent chosen by a postgraduate, highlighting the uses and preparation of the reagent in current research

Cited by 1 publication

References 12 publications

Metabolomic and Genetic Analysis of Biomarkers for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Expression and Activation

Metabolomic and Genetic Analysis of Biomarkers for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Expression and Activation

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