Silverleaf Whitefly Induces Salicylic Acid Defenses and Suppresses Effectual Jasmonic Acid Defenses

Zarate, Sonia I.; Kempema, Louisa A.; Walling, Linda L.

doi:10.1104/pp.106.090035

Cited by 633 publications

(673 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…For instance, nymphs of the phloemfeeding silverleaf whitefly (Bremia tabaci) were shown to induce the SA pathway and suppress the JA pathway, resulting in a faster development of the nymphs (Zarate et al, 2007). A similar phenomenon was observed with caterpillars from the beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua).…”

Section: Decoy Tacticsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Plant Immunity: It’s the Hormones Talking, But What Do They Say?

Verhage

Wees²,

Pieterse³

2010

Plant Physiology

277

198

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Section: Decoy Tacticsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Plant Immunity: It’s the Hormones Talking, But What Do They Say?

Verhage

Wees²,

Pieterse³

2010

Plant Physiology

277

198

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“…4B). Salicylic acid, which suppresses some jasmonic acid-regulated plant defenses (Zarate et al, 2007;Thaler et al, 2012), increases in abundance during later stages of aphid feeding on maize (Fig. 5B) and could account for the observed suppression of jasmonic acid signaling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic maize responses to aphid feeding are revealed by a time series of transcriptomic and metabolomic assays

et al. 2015

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(A.H.); 0000-0002-9675-934X (G.J.).As a response to insect attack, maize (Zea mays) has inducible defenses that involve large changes in gene expression and metabolism. Piercing/sucking insects such as corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) cause direct damage by acquiring phloem nutrients as well as indirect damage through the transmission of plant viruses. To elucidate the metabolic processes and gene expression changes involved in maize responses to aphid attack, leaves of inbred line B73 were infested with corn leaf aphids for 2 to 96 h. Analysis of infested maize leaves showed two distinct response phases, with the most significant transcriptional and metabolic changes occurring in the first few hours after the initiation of aphid feeding. After 4 d, both gene expression and metabolite profiles of aphid-infested maize reverted to being more similar to those of control plants. Although there was a predominant effect of salicylic acid regulation, gene expression changes also indicated prolonged induction of oxylipins, although not necessarily jasmonic acid, in aphid-infested maize. The role of specific metabolic pathways was confirmed using Dissociator transposon insertions in maize inbred line W22. Mutations in three benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes, Bx1, Bx2, and Bx6, increased aphid reproduction. In contrast, progeny production was greatly decreased by a transposon insertion in the single W22 homolog of the previously uncharacterized B73 terpene synthases TPS2 and TPS3. Together, these results show that maize leaves shift to implementation of physical and chemical defenses within hours after the initiation of aphid feeding and that the production of specific metabolites can have major effects in maize-aphid interactions.

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“…SA regulates plant defenses against pathogens, phloem-sucking insects and plant responses to insect oviposition (de Vos et al 2005;Zarate et al 2007;Vlot et al 2009;Bruessow et al 2010). SA alone does not seem to play a signaling role, neither in plant defenses induced by BG insect herbivores (Erb et al 2009a;Pierre et al 2012), nor in BG-AG interactions in Brassica spp.…”

Section: Aboveground and Belowground Inducible Defenses-the Role Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and ecological implications of plant‐mediated interactions between belowground and aboveground insect herbivores

Papadopoulou

Dam

2016

Ecological Research

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Plant-mediated interactions between belowground (BG) and aboveground (AG) herbivores have received increasing interest recently. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ecological consequences of BG-AG interactions are not fully clear yet. Herbivore-induced plant defenses are complex and comprise phytohormonal signaling, gene expression and production of defensive compounds (defined here as response levels), each with their own temporal dynamics. Jointly they shape the response that will be expressed. However, because different induction methods are used in different plant-herbivore systems, and only one or two response levels are measured in each study, our ability to construct a general framework for BG-AG interactions remains limited. Here we aim to link the mechanisms to the ecological consequences of plant-mediated interactions between BG and AG insect herbivores. We first outline the molecular mechanisms of herbivore-induced responses involved in BG-AG interactions. Then we synthesize the literature on BG-AG interactions in two well-studied plant-herbivore systems, Brassica spp. and Zea mays, to identify general patterns and specific differences. Based on this comprehensive review, we conclude that phytohormones can only partially mimic induction by real herbivores. BG herbivory induces resistance to AG herbivores in both systems, but only in maize this involves drought stress responses. This may be due to morphological and physiological differences between monocotyledonous (maize) and dicotyledonous (Brassica) species, and differences in the feeding strategies of the herbivores used. Therefore, we strongly recommend that future studies explicitly account for these basic differences in plant morphology and include additional herbivores while investigating all response levels involved in BG-AG interactions.

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Silverleaf Whitefly Induces Salicylic Acid Defenses and Suppresses Effectual Jasmonic Acid Defenses

Cited by 633 publications

References 72 publications

Plant Immunity: It’s the Hormones Talking, But What Do They Say?

Plant Immunity: It’s the Hormones Talking, But What Do They Say?

Dynamic maize responses to aphid feeding are revealed by a time series of transcriptomic and metabolomic assays

Mechanisms and ecological implications of plant‐mediated interactions between belowground and aboveground insect herbivores

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